Day 4 of creation, God made the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars, establishing them as luminaries in the heavens. The language of the Bible uses an Earth-observer perspective, meaning that light from celestial bodies was instantly visible. Additionally, I confront naturalistic explanations for celestial origins, proposing a creationist model.

Day 2 of creation, with a focus on the expanse (the firmament), is outlined. The Hebrew word ‘raqiya’ refers to a separation of waters above and below the expanse. The implications of this for the Kuiper Belt and the great deluge are discussed.