A newly engineered catalyst overcomes key obstacles that have long limited ammonia as a clean fuel for heavy industry. A newly developed single-atom platinum catalyst can ignite ammonia at about 200°C (392°F) and sustain stable combustion at 1,100°C (2,012°F) while producing very little NOx. The breakthrough could provide carbon-free, high-grade heat for industries such as [...]While many US city councils have passed moratoriums, Monterey Park is first where residents have voted on a ban
Residents in Monterey Park, California, became the first in the US to vote on a permanent ban on datacenters on Tuesday, and early results indicate a resounding victory for the prohibition.
While many cities and counties have already passed temporary or indefinite moratoriums via their local governments, Monterey Park would be the first to do so through a ballot initiative.
Continue reading...
© Photograph: Steven Kung
© Photograph: Steven Kung
© Photograph: Steven Kung
While many US city councils have passed moratoriums, Monterey Park is first where residents have voted on a ban
Residents in Monterey Park, California, became the first in the US to vote on a permanent ban on datacenters on Tuesday, and early results indicate a resounding victory for the prohibition.
While many cities and counties have already passed temporary or indefinite moratoriums via their local governments, Monterey Park would be the first to do so through a ballot initiative.
Continue reading...
© Photograph: Steven Kung
© Photograph: Steven Kung
© Photograph: Steven Kung
Would you take a payment to ramp down your electricity use? Would it change anything if you were doing so to help power a local data center?
Google just signed a new deal to help pay for a virtual power plant (VPP) in the largest power grid in the US. The agreement is with Voltus, a leading VPP and distributed energy resources platform.
Voltus will set up the virtual power plant, grouping together devices like electric vehicles and smart thermostats. It’ll pay customers to participate, and the company will dial back power or use the stored energy during times when the grid is stressed. Google will foot the bill for setting it up, and the extra capacity generated by the project will help run its data centers in the region.
This is one of the most concrete examples so far of a tech giant using a VPP to help meet energy demand for data centers. But there are still some lingering questions about just how far this sort of program can go, and what the limits are.
Last year, it felt as if everyone was talking about data center flexibility. A high-profile study from Duke University found that if data centers agreed to decrease their energy demand for roughly 40 hours per year, a whole bunch of them (about 100 gigawatts’ worth) could come online without making new power plants or transmission equipment necessary.
The underlying reason is that our power grid is designed not for our average energy use, but for the absolute maximum: the brutally hot July evening when everyone is blasting their air conditioners, watching Love Island, and microwaving popcorn. If a data center is willing to refrain from pulling so much power during those high-stress times, the grid can happily support it the rest of the year.
One lingering question here is about incentives: How would you get data centers to agree to this? After all, they might not have a very flexible load, especially now that AI use is more widespread—training a model can easily be delayed or shifted, but customer demand is more immediate. Giving up computing capacity could mean losing revenue.
Regulation is one approach that could work here. One proposal in the US would allow new data centers to come online years sooner if they agree to lower demand when the grid is nearing its max. And a new Texas law requires large users to switch to backup power or curtail their demand in emergency situations.
Another approach is for data center operators to pay for other people to be flexible.
Voltus announced a new program in September that allows data centers to finance flexibility on their local grid. The company calls it “Bring your own capacity.” Google is now the first named customer taking advantage of this program.
In the new agreement, Voltus will pay people who agree to participate in the virtual power plant. The plant will be part of PJM, the grid that covers much of the US East Coast. The company says it will be able to aggregate up to 100 megawatts of distributed energy resources each year. The plant should be operational in 2027, according to Voltus.
This isn’t Google’s first foray into flexibility; the company has agreements with utilities across the US to limit or shift its own energy demand, which can help free up grid capacity. As the company pointed out in a blog post earlier this year, though, there are limits on how flexible a data center can be, and not every facility will be able to ramp down its power demand.
“There is no one solution for expanding grid capacity and we’re continuing to explore all options, including the many avenues for load flexibility,” said Michael Terrell, Google’s global head of advanced energy, in an emailed statement in response to written questions.
Once again, I’m wondering about incentives here. These companies are asking homes and businesses to be flexible. Will they agree?
A recent study in California looked at local people’s willingness to participate in managed electric-vehicle charging. Essentially, the program pays people to give up control of when they charge their EVs. This is another way to help smooth out electricity demand and ease the burden on the grid.
The problem? Not many people signed up. With no economic incentive, only 1% of EV owners enrolled in managed charging. At $40 per month (about 15% of their power bill), only 4.6% did.
This is a different situation and a different region from the one in which Google is working with Voltus. (It’s worth noting that the companies aren’t sharing how much they plan to pay the participants, which will obviously be a big determinant in participation for this kind of project.)
But this study shows that even with money on the table, people may not always jump at the chance to cede control of their electricity demand. And it certainly feels relevant that about 70% of Americans oppose AI data centers in their area, according to recent Gallup polling.
Being flexible sounds like a great idea in theory, and these financed VPPs could provide an immediate route to meeting energy demand. But as we move from idea to implementation, it’ll be interesting to see whether trial runs work as intended.
This article is from The Spark, MIT Technology Review’s weekly climate newsletter. To receive it in your inbox every Wednesday, sign up here.
How to change the energy market from within. Plus: Is Iran Trump’s Vietnam?
• Get the Guardian Weekly delivered to your home address
Last week, as the war in Iran continued to choke global oil supplies, the UK government announced a 13% increase in the cap on energy prices. But it was another related story on the other side of the world that caught my eye.
In Australia, the energy minister announced a fall of up to 10% in the benchmark electricity price in parts of the country, driven by record levels of renewables and batteries in the power grid.
Continue reading...
© Illustration: Guardian Design
© Illustration: Guardian Design
© Illustration: Guardian Design
The pilot turns unused railway space into a small but closely watched solar test.
There’s something living in the fog. Repeat: there’s something living in the fog.
It may sound like a twisted update to the classic John Carpenter film — or a log line for the new Apple TV horror series “Widow’s Bay” — but these low-hanging clouds are indeed rife with living bacteria, according to new research.
The findings, published in a study in the journal Environmental Microbiology, showed that fog is teeming with so much life that the researchers liken it to a vast aquatic ecosystem unto itself.
“We found that millions of bacteria inhabit… fog droplets,” coauthor Ferran Garcia-Pichel at Arizona State University, told USA Today.
“When you take all of the droplets together, the concentration of bacteria is the same as in the ocean,” he added in a statement about the work.
The presence of bacteria in airborne water droplets isn’t a new revelation in itself. But the work helps elucidate what it is that bacteria do while suspended in fog and other clouds — something that wasn’t clear before — and the impact this has on the broader environment.
“There’s very limited knowledge about what kinds of bacteria are present in fogs, which are like clouds at the ground level,” lead author Thi Thuong Cao, a researcher at ASU, said in the statement.
To peer into this gloomy microscopic realm, the researchers meticulously collected air samples before, during, and after fog events. Since wind can blow fog banks away and confound attempts to get consistent samples, the researchers focused on a specific type called radiation fog that forms on calmer days when the ground cools and chills the air above it, allowing water droplets to condense close to the surface.
After assiduously collecting samples, the researchers found that only one percent of fog droplets contained bacteria. But a thimbleful of these droplets in all packs around ten million bacteria, which is nothing to scoff at.
Some thrived more than others. The population of one bacteria called Methylobacteria, known for devouring simple carbon compounds including pollutants like formaldehyde, increased after fog events. A closer look showed that the bacteria were actively growing and multiplying.
“We observed them under the microscope to see that yes, the bacteria are getting bigger and they’re dividing, so there is growth,” Cao said. “We also found that they’re using the formaldehyde as food to support their growth.”
Garcia-Pichel said this marked a “mindset change” in how we think about fog. “If they are growing,” he said of the bacteria, “then the droplets are a habitat.”
From this habitat, bacteria could be influencing air quality, thanklessly sucking up pollutants. It’s a possibility that might give pause to calls to start collecting fog for drinking water, the researchers say.
“If we harvest fog, we are getting rid of our little friends in the air,” Garcia-Pichel said in the statement. “We don’t know if that’s going to make a big impact or not, but we should be considering that.”
More on biology: Scientists Intrigued by Chunk of Flesh That Refuses to Die After Several Years
The post There’s Something Living Inside Fog, Scientists Find appeared first on Futurism.
In the rapidly evolving energy landscape of the United States, nuclear power remains a pivotal component in the quest for decarbonization. However, conventional assessments often overlook the latent flexibility and economic advantages that could be unlocked through strategic integration with emerging technologies and supportive policy frameworks. A groundbreaking study by Li, H., Huang, J., Poudel, B., and colleagues, recently published in Nature Communications, delves into this complex interplay, reimagining the role of nuclear power when synergized with hydrogen production infrastructures and forward-looking policy mechanisms.
This research arrives at a crucial juncture, as energy systems worldwide contend with the twin imperatives of reducing carbon emissions and ensuring reliability amidst growing renewable penetration. The intermittent nature of solar and wind energy sources has spotlighted the need for adaptable baseload generation capable of shifting operational modes in response to fluctuating demand and supply conditions. Nuclear plants, traditionally characterized by inflexible, steady output, have oft been sidelined as unsuitable for such dynamic system needs. However, the study challenges this dogma, unveiling novel pathways to extend nuclear flexibility and enhance its economic viability.
Central to the investigation is the proposition that coupling nuclear reactors with hydrogen production—particularly via high-temperature electrolysis or thermochemical pathways—could create a valuable demand-side flexibility. Hydrogen serves both as a clean energy vector and energy storage medium, enabling nuclear plants to pivot their electricity output between grid supply and hydrogen generation. This dual-use approach allows reactors to operate at variable power levels, absorbing excess output during low grid demand by converting it into hydrogen, which can later be utilized in transportation, industry, or power generation itself.
The study employs advanced modeling techniques integrating techno-economic analysis with power system simulations to capture the complex interactions between nuclear plants, hydrogen production units, market prices, and grid dynamics. By simulating scenarios under different policy regimes, the authors quantify how incentives such as carbon pricing, subsidies for clean hydrogen, or mandates for flexible operation could transform nuclear energy economics. Their results demonstrate substantial improvements in cost-competitiveness and operational profitability when nuclear-hydrogen coupling is enabled and supported by coherent policies.
Importantly, the paper highlights how this approach could alleviate some pressing challenges facing existing nuclear fleets. Many aging reactors risk premature retirement due to economic pressures stemming from inflexible operation and competition from low-cost natural gas and renewables. Integrating hydrogen production not only provides alternative revenue streams but also enhances grid reliability by enabling reactors to respond dynamically to system needs. This flexibility helps mitigate renewable variability, reduce curtailments, and decrease the necessity for fossil fuel peaker plants, aligning perfectly with decarbonization goals.
Moreover, the authors explore how different hydrogen production technologies interact with reactor types and operational schemes. High-temperature electrolysis benefits particularly from the consistent high-grade waste heat available at certain advanced reactors, improving overall system efficiency. The analysis of these synergies sets a foundation for evaluating future reactor designs optimized for co-generation of electricity and hydrogen, stimulating innovation pathways in nuclear technology development.
Policy frameworks emerge as a decisive factor in realizing the full potential of nuclear-hydrogen integration. Without supportive measures, additional capital investment and operational complexities could impose prohibitive risks and costs on operators. The study underscores the necessity of tailored regulations that incentivize flexible operation, recognize hydrogen as a strategic energy carrier, and internalize the climate benefits of low-carbon hydrogen production. In this context, harmonized carbon pricing coupled with direct subsidies or market access guarantees for green hydrogen could catalyze transformative shifts.
Furthermore, the researchers address criticisms related to safety, technological readiness, and public acceptance. While existing reactors were not initially designed for flexible operation or hydrogen co-production, adaptations are technically feasible with manageable safety implications. Importantly, public engagement and transparent communication emerge as critical enablers to build trust and acceptance of multi-purpose nuclear facilities. The prospect of contributing to a hydrogen economy could positively reframe the societal narrative around nuclear power.
In addition to technical and economic benefits, the authors illustrate a broader systemic impact: enhanced regional energy security and resilience. By diversifying nuclear revenue streams and operational capabilities, communities relying on nuclear plants gain additional buffers against volatile fuel markets and supply disruptions. Hydrogen produced locally could also foster new industrial clusters and job creation, intertwining energy, economic development, and environmental stewardship in a compelling synergy.
The global context is also considered, with parallels drawn to international efforts in Europe and Asia to leverage nuclear-hydrogen integration. The U.S. experience, enriched by this rigorous assessment, could thus inform transnational cooperation and accelerate international technology diffusion. The study emphasizes that while the focus is on U.S. grids and policies, the overarching principles and findings bear broad relevance for countries pursuing nuclear innovation and deep decarbonization.
While the benefits are compelling, the paper responsibly highlights challenges awaiting resolution. Market structures need to evolve to adequately value the flexibility and low-carbon attributes of integrated nuclear-hydrogen systems. Technologies require further demonstration to de-risk scale-up and optimize performance. Coordination among diverse stakeholders, from utilities to regulators and technology providers, will be paramount in navigating transition pathways. These insights pave the way for future research agendas, pilot projects, and policy experiments.
In conclusion, the work of Li et al. represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of nuclear power’s role in a clean energy future. By innovatively linking hydrogen production and policy support, it reveals an untapped flexibility and economic potential that could reinvigorate the U.S. nuclear sector. Beyond incremental improvements, this integrated approach encapsulates a holistic vision where nuclear energy not only supports but actively enables the expansive hydrogen economy—a vision with profound implications for energy systems worldwide.
This comprehensive rethinking holds promise for energizing dialogue across scientific, policy, and industry communities, inspiring new collaborations and strategic investments. As the urgency of climate action accelerates, the nuclear-hydrogen nexus illuminated by this study could become a cornerstone technology, propelling progress toward resilient, sustainable, and economically viable energy systems for decades to come. The interplay of technical innovation and policy ingenuity demonstrated here exemplifies the multidimensional solutions essential for 21st-century energy challenges.
The path forward will require sustained commitment, innovative design, and adaptive governance. Yet, armed with insights such as those from this seminal research, stakeholders stand better positioned to harness nuclear power’s full capabilities—not merely as a static source of electricity but as a dynamic, versatile pillar underpinning the clean energy transformation. As hydrogen emerges as a strategic commodity and nuclear technology evolves, their integration charts a promising route to achieving decarbonization goals while maintaining energy security and economic vitality.
The implications extend beyond energy into economic development, environmental protection, and societal welfare. Deploying nuclear power in concert with hydrogen technologies could stimulate new industries, create skilled employment, and contribute to carbon neutrality targets with lasting impact. This study’s findings thus resonate deeply within broader conversations about how energy innovation can drive a just and sustainable transition globally.
Innovation at the intersection of nuclear and hydrogen technology epitomizes the creative problem-solving demanded by contemporary energy challenges. By articulating a clear economic rationale and policy roadmap for flexibility-enhanced nuclear power, Li and colleagues provide a valuable blueprint for reimagining the future of clean energy infrastructure. Their research stands to catalyze further breakthroughs, investment decisions, and policy reforms critical to scaling solutions capable of meeting escalating energy demands sustainably.
As nations grapple with balancing environmental imperatives and energy needs, this study offers a compelling argument to revisit and revitalize nuclear power’s role. Integrating hydrogen production is not merely an add-on but a transformative strategy unlocking new operational modalities, market opportunities, and decarbonization synergies. With supportive policies and continued innovation, nuclear power could emerge as a cornerstone technology driving the hydrogen economy and enabling a clean, flexible, and resilient energy future with widespread benefits.
Subject of Research:
Reevaluating the economic feasibility and operational flexibility of U.S. nuclear power plants through integration with hydrogen production technologies and analysis of supportive policy frameworks.
Article Title:
Rethinking the economics and flexibility of U.S. nuclear power through hydrogen integration and policy support.
Article References:
Li, H., Huang, J., Poudel, B. et al. Rethinking the economics and flexibility of U.S. nuclear power through hydrogen integration and policy support. Nat Commun (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73630-y
Image Credits: AI Generated
Login
