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NVIDIA's RTX Spark is almost here. Laptops powered by the chip launch on October 16, 2026, but reviews of the chip are already out.
Reviews of the first wave of RTX Spark laptops work a bit differently than some other product launches. Today, those who were given access to RTX Spark laptops can share their experience with the chip itself, but thoughts on specific RTX Spark laptops cannot be shared until October 16, 2026.
While that is different than what we normally see, it's not that surprising. RTX Spark is not just a new chip akin to a new processor from AMD, Intel, or Qualcomm. It is a new platform for NVIDIA, a major addition to Windows on Arm computing, and the mark of a new silicon partner for Windows.
Note that reviewers of the RTX Spark were limited to sharing details about the performance and benchmarks of the processor. Dedicated GPU performance varies based on the laptop it's paired with, so some reviewer experiences may differ depending on the hardware used to test RTX Spark.
Early impressions of RTX Spark are largely positive. Across multiple reviews, experts praised the processor's strong GPU performance, AI capabilities, and surprisingly polished first-generation experience.
At the same time, several reviewers cautioned against viewing RTX Spark through the lens of traditional gaming benchmarks, reminding readers that the platform is designed for AI workloads, creators, and developers.
The RTX Spark is not meant to power gaming laptops. It is aimed at developers and high-end creators. The processor is especially focused on local AI performance, an area many expect to be the next major shift in personal computing.
That being said, the RTX Spark is capable of gaming. It may show the future of Windows on Arm gaming, but that's yet to be seen. Over the coming weeks I am sure we will see countless reviewers test games on RTX Spark laptops. I think they'll be surprised by how well the processor does, but gaming-focused reviews still won't be the best way to judge those PCs.
The first wave of RTX Spark laptops are already available for preorder and hit shelves tomorrow. Our Cale Hunt rounded up all the RTX Spark laptops you can buy, which you can also find below.

Built around the NVIDIA RTX Spark platform with an N1X CPU, RTX GPU, and up to 128GB of unified memory, the Surface Laptop Ultra hits new performance heights for power users. It's all contained in a gorgeous chassis with a mini-LED display and tons of ports. Prices start at $2,599.99, and units will begin shipping on October 16, 2026.

ProArt P14/P16:
The new ASUS ProArt P14 and P16 duo gives users more size options while retaining the same great RTX Spark performance. The P14 is the lightest ProArt laptop ever, while the P16 is the way to go for a larger OLED display. Prices start at $2,599.99 for the P14 and $2,799.99 for the P16. They're expected to begin shipping on October 16, 2026.

Dell's new XPS 16 with RTX Spark features a 3.2K OLED display, lattice-free keyboard, and the usual premium XPS styling. Prices start at $3,799.99 and units are expected to begin shipping on October 16, 2026.

The OmniBook X 14 is the smaller of the two new PCs, but it features the same RTX Spark options for maximum performance. Models start at $2,999.99 and are expected to ship beginning November 4, 2026.

OmniBook Ultra 16":
The larger of the two new HP RTX Spark laptops delivers a gorgeous 16-inch OLED display with 3K resolution and, of course, your choice of RTX Spark chips. Prices start at $3,199.99, and shipments are expected to begin on November 4, 2026.

Lenovo's Yoga 9n should be the right choice for those who value a versatile convertible design and premium build quality. Prices start at $3,099.99, and models are expected to begin shipping on October 16, 2026.

MSI's Prestige N16 Flip AI+ is another versatile convertible featuring the RTX Spark platform and a Tandem OLED display. It appears that preorders might kick off on October 8 for this laptop, with prices starting at $3,299.99.

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RTX Spark is finally here. After years of rumors, NVIDIA has re-entered the Windows silicon game with the MediaTek N1X, a tailor-made 18/20-core SoC with 5,120 or 6,144 GPU cores, up to 128GB of unified memory, and a heck of a lot of power for apps, games, and AI experiences under the hood.
It's not every day that Windows gains a new silicon partner, which is why everyone seems to be involved with ensuring this launch goes as smoothly as possible. Microsoft has worked closely with NVIDIA on optimizing the Windows platform, especially for RTX Spark, and third-party app vendors like Adobe, Blender, anti-cheat software, and more have mobilized to optimize their products and frameworks for the new chipset.
But the big play with RTX Spark is on-device AI. LLMs and agentic workflows have become all the craze over the last year, and NVIDIA believes the RTX Spark is the first chipset for Windows that has been designed from the ground up for running local AI experiences locally and securely, without sacrificing performance.
NVIDIA has 6 hardware partners lined up to ship RTX Spark hardware starting this week, and all of them are aimed at the high-end content creator or developer crowd. NVIDIA has set its sights on competing head-to-head with the MacBook Pro, and is eager to win over AI developers who flocked to that platform thanks to Apple Silicon.
I've been testing out the top configuration of RTX Spark over the last week on a Surface Laptop Ultra, and here's what I discovered it's good at, and what it's not so good at. FYI, today's embargo only allows us to detail the RTX Spark's performance and benchmarks, not the Surface Laptop Ultra itself. So battery life, thermal performance, and laptop-specific variables are not included in this piece. That information will be shared in the full laptop review, coming soon.

If you're looking for a quick rundown of what RTX Spark is and how it compares, here's what you need to know:
RTX Spark is a powerful SoC with good CPU performance and great GPU performance. Its CPU is comparable to the Apple M4 Pro and Qualcomm's Snapdragon X2 Elite, with multi-thread performance being its stronger asset in the CPU department, though it trails behind the Apple M4 Max and Snapdragon X2 Elite Extreme.
The GPU is the star of the show, with great performance thanks to its 6,144 GPU cores that deliver smooth framerates (with help from DLSS and framegen), faster rendering times, and very capable AI performance. Its quantized INT8 tensor execution, unified memory sharing, and computer vision acceleration easily leapfrog mobile discrete GPUs in its power class for AI workflows, which it excels at.
I don't believe RTX Spark is for everyone. It's very good at key things, and shines primarily for those who are knee-deep in local AI workflows and experiences. If you're not a mobile content creator, software developer, or utilize local LLMs often, RTX Spark probably isn't for you.
Mobile efficiency varies depending on power profile. The GPU is hungry and will drain power fast when at full pelt, but in day-to-day usage that only occasionally leans on the GPU, it should last the workday. The good news is, you should see the same performance regardless of plugged-in state.
Compared with most integrated Snapdragon, Intel, and AMD systems, RTX Spark is substantially faster in AI image generation and local inference, while matching or approaching dedicated RTX 4070/5060/5070 class GPU performance in most workloads outside of AI.
The latest generation of high-end Apple Silicon retains an advantage in peak single-thread CPU performance, but RTX Spark’s strength is its GPU, with TensorRT execution and high-speed memory providing advantages in diffusion, quantized models, and sequential data access.
Specification | RTX Spark N1X (5120-core GPU) | RTX Spark N1X (6144-core GPU) |
|---|---|---|
CPU Configuration | 18 cores (9x Cortex-X925 + 9x Cortex-A725) | 20 cores (10x Cortex-X925 + 10x Cortex-A725) |
Max Performance Core Clock | 3.9 GHz | 4.0–4.1 GHz |
Max Efficiency Core Clock | 2.8 GHz | 2.8 GHz |
GPU Architecture | Blackwell RTX | Blackwell RTX |
CUDA Cores | 5,120 | 6,144 |
Streaming Multiprocessors (SMs) | 40 | 48 |
RT Cores | 4th Generation | 4th Generation |
Tensor Cores | 5th Generation | 5th Generation |
Unified Memory Type | LPDDR5X | LPDDR5X |
Memory Interface | 256-bit / 16-channel | 256-bit / 16-channel |
Memory Speed | Up to 9,400 Mbps | Up to 9,400 Mbps |
Peak Memory Bandwidth | Up to 300 GB/s | Up to 300 GB/s |
NVLink-C2C Bandwidth | 600 GB/s bidirectional | 600 GB/s bidirectional |
Display Support | HDMI 2.1a, DisplayPort 2.0 over USB4 | HDMI 2.1a, DisplayPort 2.0 over USB4 |
Process Technology | TSMC 3nm (CPU & GPU dies) | TSMC 3nm (CPU & GPU dies) |
Configurable SoC TDP | 45–80W | 45–140W |

The RTX Spark CPU was co-designed by NVIDIA and MediaTek. The N1X, as it's known, comes in either 18- or 20-core configurations and is relatively efficient while delivering good performance. With that said, it's not leading in its class, leaving something to be desired when it comes to raw benchmarks.
In Cinebench 2026, the 20-core N1X achieved a single-core score of 558 and a multi-core score of 6,885. To put that into perspective, its single-core score beats the first-gen Snapdragon X Elite X1E-80-100 at 519, but falls short compared to Qualcomm's Snapdragon X2 Elite Extreme, which achieves a score of 662 for single-core. Multi-core fares better, with a score of 6,885, which is only just behind the X2 Elite Extreme and Apple M4 Max.
Cinebench 2026 Test | Plugged In Result | Unplugged Result |
|---|---|---|
CPU (Multi Core) | 6,885 pts | 6,844 pts |
CPU (Single Core) | 558 pts | 554 pts |
MP Ratio | 12.33 x | 12.35 x |
These scores do place it ahead of Intel's and AMD's latest flagship mobile workstation chips, but the chipset simply doesn't compete with Apple's latest Max chips, consistently trailing behind the Apple M4 Max and the M3 Ultra. This is a little disappointing given that the RTX Spark is directly targeting Apple Silicon.
It's a similar story with our Geekbench 7 results, achieving a single-core score of 2,718 and a multi-core score of 23,571. It's clear that multi-core performance is the N1X's stronger asset, competing with the likes of the Apple M4 Pro or Intel Core Ultra 9 285K, and is well ahead of the last-gen Snapdragon X Elite and Intel Lunar Lake, as it should be.
Geekbench 7.1 | Plugged In Result | Unplugged Result |
|---|---|---|
CPU (Multi Core) | 23,571 | 23,879 |
CPU (Single Core) | 2,710 | 2024 |
Outside of benchmarks, in day-to-day use the N1X feels fine. This isn't a slow CPU by any means, and will chew through even complex workflows with no sweat. Most day-to -day apps are Arm native these days, but for the few that do require Microsoft's Prism emulation layer, you won't even notice it. RTX Spark makes it so emulated apps feel just like native ones.
All our benchmarks were run with the Best Performance setting enabled, and in our tests we ran them a number of times in both plugged-in and unplugged states to see if there's any performance drop when away from a wall outlet. The good news is the RTX Spark delivers pretty much the same power regardless of plugged-in state, which mimics Apple Silicon.

The star of the show with RTX Spark is the Blackwell RTX GPU with either 5,120 or 6,144 cores. We benchmarked the top-end, 6,144-core configuration for these benchmarks, and it does impress, outputting performance in workflows like video editing, model rendering, and gaming similar to an RTX 4070 or 5060, but in an efficient package with all-day battery life.
For what is essentially an integrated GPU, it outputs dedicated GPU performance in pretty much all workflows. But it really excels at AI workflows, especially when optimized for tensor and CUDA.
The 128GB configuration is set to split that memory evenly between system RAM and the GPU, meaning in our default configuration and for how we ran most of our benchmarks, the GPU had 64GB of video RAM to make use of. In this configuration, it's more than capable for most tasks, with the only exception being running AI models that surpass this size. In that situation, you can allocate more memory to the GPU so that it will fit.
In our 3DMark tests, we found that the RTX Spark performs similarly to an RTX 4070. It's very capable at 1440p gaming with high settings in most titles, though more demanding games will need to lean on DLSS and frame generation for smooth 60+ FPS gaming. In most titles we benchmarked, games ran without a hitch and looked great.
Benchmark | Target Resolution & API | Overall Score | Graphics Score | CPU Score | Test Framerates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3DMark Time Spy | 1440p (DirectX 12) | 12,771 | 12,368 | 15,669 | GT1: 81.68 FPS, GT2: 70.11 FPS, CPU: 52.64 FPS |
3DMark Time Spy Extreme | 4K UHD (DirectX 12) | 5,857 | 5,972 | 5,281 | GT1: 37.77 FPS, GT2: 35.19 FPS, CPU: 66.30 FPS |
3DMark Steel Nomad | 4K UHD (DirectX 12 Heavy) | 3,064 | 3,064 | N/A | Graphics Test: 30.65 FPS |
3DMark Speed Way (Run 1) | 1440p (DirectX 12 Ultimate / DXR) | 3,011 | 3,011 | N/A | Graphics Test: 30.12 FPS |
3DMark Speed Way (Run 2) | 1440p (DirectX 12 Ultimate / DXR) | 2,985 | 2,985 | N/A | Graphics Test: 29.85 FPS |
Gaming is not the main reason to buy an RTX Spark laptop, but it is an additional benefit. It's the first Windows on Arm platform that does gaming relatively well, supporting the usual breadth of gaming technologies and frameworks such as:
Most games run under emulation on RTX Spark, as the platform is Arm64, and most games are compiled for x86. However, in most titles, this isn't a problem. Most mainstream anti-cheat software is now compatible with Windows on Arm, and the Prism emulation layer has been tuned specifically for RTX Spark to ensure most games run without a hitch, though there are exceptions.
Some games, such as Red Dead Redemption 2, will require you to change settings to get them to run successfully. For example, by default Red Dead Redemption 2 was set to run with Vulkan, which caused it to crash at launch. Switching it to DirectX12 fixed this for me. Most games run without needing to change any settings first, however.




I tried Cyberpunk 2077, which runs pretty well right out of the box. The game analyzed my system and decided that Ray Traced Ultra settings were a perfect fit for the RTX Spark. Running at 1440p with frame gen enabled, the game was easily able to maintain 60fps while looking good doing it with these graphics settings enabled.
Shadow of the Tomb Raider also works great, but it takes quite a while to actually load up. But once the game is running and you're in-game, it looks great and runs well above 60fps at high settings at 1440p. Marvel's Spider-Man 2 and The Witcher 3 Remastered ran without a hitch, reaching close to 90fps in high settings at 1440p.
For content creators, RTX Spark is a great choice. Whether you are editing photos or rendering videos using apps like Adobe Photoshop and Premiere Pro, or rendering 3D environments in Blender, the RTX Spark is well suited for those tasks.

Adobe and NVIDIA say the Adobe Creative Cloud Suite has been optimized specifically for RTX Spark. These optimizations include:
When it comes to video rendering times, the RTX Spark trails the current-gen RTX 50 series GPUs. We benchmarked it against three other laptops with an RTX 5060, 5070 Ti, and 5080, in which it trailed the RTX 5060 in video rendering performance, finishing a few seconds later in most instances. In this benchmark, we ran Premiere Pro Beta, as that version includes necessary optimizations for RTX Spark.
Export Profile (Seconds ↓) | Surface Laptop Ultra | Lenovo Yoga Pro 9 | ASUS Zephyrus G14 | Lenovo LEGION 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
H.264 Export (1 GPU) | 42.002 s | 32.111 s | 39.403 s | 20.218 s |
H.264 Export (Pass 2) | 34.415 s | 26.003 s | 33.532 s | 18.401 s |
H.264 UHD Export (1 GPU) | 81.419 s | 64.140 s | 71.918 s | 40.235 s |
H.264 UHD Export (Pass 2) | 66.496 s | 52.301 s | 59.536 s | 34.253 s |
Dedicated GPU performance can vary depending on laptop chassis size, cooling solution, and thermal envelope, which is why the 5070 Ti frequently trailed the 5060 in our testing.
The RTX Spark GPU is very performant and is capable of pretty much handling anything you'd want to throw at it on a mobile workstation. Where it really shines, however, is running local AI models directly on it. It's the reason NVIDIA built this platform to begin with, and it does this very well.
We ran several Procyon AI benchmarks to see how well the GPU performs when running on-device AI workflows. Text generation LLMs ran very fast, with Spark delivering responsive time-to-first-token results, including 0.27 seconds on Phi and 0.39 seconds on LLaMA3, but its sustained decoding rates trail higher-wattage discrete GPUs.
Model | Overall Score | Tokens / Second | Time to First Token (s) | Model Load Time (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Phi-3.5-mini | 2,615 | 72.21 | 0.27 | 0.66 |
Mistral 7B | 2,276 | 53.07] | 0.47 | 0.96 |
Llama 3.1 8B | 2,251 | 49.44 | 0.40 | 1.50 |
Llama 2 13B | 2,108 | 27.44 | 0.84 | 1.69 |
But quantized AI performance is where RTX Spark truly leads. In Stable Diffusion 1.5 INT8, the RTX Spark scored 11,294 and generated images in 2.77 seconds, substantially outperforming the tested RTX 5080, RTX 5070 Ti, and RTX 5060, on which we ran the same tests.
Model Profile & Metric | Surface Laptop Ultra | Lenovo Yoga Pro 9 | ASUS Zephyrus G14 | Lenovo LEGION 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
SD 1.5 FP16 - Total Duration | 67.55 s | 69.70 s | 107.73 s | 44.59 s |
SD 1.5 FP16 - Speed | 4.222 img/s | 4.356 img/s | 6.733 img/s | 2.787 img/s |
SD 1.5 FP16 - Average UNet | 23.986 it/s | 23.265 it/s | 15.070 it/s | 36.426 it/s |
SD 1.5 INT8 - Total Duration | 22.14 s | 138.74 s | 101.83 s | 440.19 s |
SD 1.5 INT8 - Speed | 2.767 img/s | 17.342 s/img | 12.729 img/s | 55.024 s/img |
SD 1.5 INT8 - Average UNet | 19.158 it/s | 2.949 it/s | 4.043 it/s | 0.927 it/s |
SDXL FP16 - Total Duration | 400.82 s | 499.37 s | 735.47 s | 303.68 s |
SDXL FP16 - Speed | 25.051 s/img | 31.211 s/img | 45.967 s/img | 18.980 s/img |
SDXL FP16 - Average UNet | 4.028 it/s | 3.331 it/s | 2.196 it/s | 5.321 it/s |
The GPU is best suited for running large on-device AI models such as Qwen 3.8 27B, Gemma 4 31B, or even 120B-parameter models such as Nemotron or GPT-OSS.
NVIDIA is touting local agentic capabilities with this GPU, leaning on apps like Hermes Agent and OpenClaw to achieve this. We tested Hermes Agent, as OpenClaw failed to connect to the gateway once setup was complete.
The selling point of running LLMs and agents locally is that you are no longer constrained by usage limits or the amount of tokens you have available. When the AI runs locally, it's yours. You can run it for as long and as hard as you like.

It's also good for security and privacy reasons. You may have confidential documents, audio recordings, intellectual property that you need summarized or explained to you, and feeding that data to a cloud-based LLM or agent is giving that data away to the host.
With RTX Spark, you can feed whatever data or task you want to your local AI running off the GPU, and that data will never leave the device. You can build up your own personal agent that is capable of managing your local files, creating documents, making edits, and in some cases even controlling your PC.
Hermes Agent is a great tool for beginners, as it offers local AI compute experiences and makes setting it up a breeze. You open the app, choose to run AI locally, and it recommends the best model for the specs you have. Once downloaded, you're good to start chatting with your own AI locally.

Hermes Agent is particularly good at automating tasks. The first thing I did was tell it to clean up and organize my large, cluttered downloads folder. It moved images to my photos library, deleting any old executables, and organizing and categorizing PDFs and Word documents appropriately. It did all this without sending any of my data to the cloud, all processed by the GPU.
I also asked it to build me a basic website that included all my benchmark results so that I could refer back to them more easily. It ran that process entirely off my GPU, and came up with a pretty nice looking webpage design in the process. Zero cloud-based tokens used:

NVIDIA has even built MCP support into NVIDIA Broadcast and NVIDIA Control Panel, allowing you to hook it up to your local LLM and issue commands that allow it to configure your NVIDIA PC's settings.

In addition to raw CPU and GPU performance, Microsoft has worked closely with NVIDIA to optimize RTX Spark for Windows 11. This partnership runs deep, and there are a lot of things going on behind the scenes that will aid the performance of Windows and support for apps on RTX Spark over the coming months and years.
For those unboxing a new RTX Spark laptop this fall, the Get Started app on Windows 11 will present a step that makes downloading and installing apps that can handle AI agents super easy. Hermes Agent will even go a step further and recommend a suitable model to download once up and running, meaning the user has to do zero research to get started.
With that said, I still find these recommended apps quite complex and convoluted. Many beginners will feel overwhelmed by these apps, especially OpenClaw, which I could not get working properly after it failed to open a gateway to allow the AI model to communicate with the OpenClaw chat interface.

Microsoft has optimized the system scheduler specifically for RTX Spark to squeeze out as much performance across Windows, menu flyouts, app launches, and more as possible. It has also made changes and enhancements to how Windows handles unified memory so that it's faster and more reliable at feeding that memory to where you need it.
TensorRT is now supported by Windows ML, and DirectX 12 has neural rendering support. The Prism emulation layer has also been tuned for RTX Spark, which results in emulated apps that simply do not feel like they are being emulated.
Microsoft is also keen to position Windows as the platform for local AI and agentic workflows. It has built safeguards and security into the Windows platform to ensure the local agents you run on Windows aren't capable of making severe changes or causing damage to your files, apps, and more.
This is a direct attempt at combating the sudden rise in local AI developers flocking to the Mac. Apple has made little optimizations to macOS to adopt and safeguard local AI and agentic workflows on that platform, whereas Microsoft is moving to make agents a native extension of the Windows platform.
RTX Spark is a Copilot+ PC certified chip, but you won't find any Copilot+ PC features at launch. Microsoft says it's working with NVIDIA to bring features like Windows Recall, Click To Do, and on-device Semantic Search to the RTX Spark platform in the coming months, which will run off the RTX Spark's 50 TOPS NPU.

RTX Spark is a super interesting chipset. It's forward leaning in a lot of ways, built on the Arm64 architecture that delivers serious performance and great efficiency. While its N1X CPU is just okay, its Blackwell RTX GPU really shines.
This is the first time we've seen RTX 4070-5070 level performance in an SoC that is this small and efficient. It's optimized for AI workloads, which is its strongest workflow by far. Quantized AI models run great, and with up to 128GB of unified memory, most mainstream models will fit entirely on the GPU without a hitch.
It's also great for content creators, and is very capable at gaming also. But at the prices that these devices are launching at, I think most people would be better served getting an Intel or AMD laptop with a dedicated NVIDIA GPU instead, as these often cost less than the cheapest RTX Spark laptops right now.
But if your workflow involves running AI models locally all day, software development, or complex data crunching and source code management, the RTX Spark is one of the better choices in the Windows space right now, especially for laptops that are thin-ish and (relatively) lightweight.
These RTX Spark laptops are more efficient and portable than typical laptops with a dedicated NVIDIA GPU, which is one of the key benefits of an SoC like this. The power this GPU outputs, for what is essentially integrated graphics, should not be understated.
Of course, just how efficient RTX Spark is will depend entirely on the hardware you choose to buy, as OEMs are free to feed the GPU more or less power depending on the chassis and thermal envelope. Keep that in mind.
All benchmarks ran on RTX Spark 20-core CPU configuration with 128GB RAM and 6,144 GPU cores. All tests ran connected to power with Best Performance profile enabled, unless stated otherwise. We are still running benchmarks and new tests, and will update accordingly.
Geekbench 7.1.0 Pro (AArch64) Workload | Surface Laptop Ultra Score | ASUS ProArt P16 |
|---|---|---|
Single-Core Score | 2,710 | 2,717 |
Multi-Core Score | 23,571 | 23,833 |
Geekbench 7.1 GPU | CUDA Score |
|---|---|
Surface Laptop Ultra | 186098 |
ASUS ProArt P16 | 187547 |
Cinebench 2026 Test | Surface Laptop Ultra | ASUS ProArt P16 |
|---|---|---|
CPU (Multi Core) | 6,885 pts | 6,742 pts |
CPU (Single Core) | 558 pts | 554 pts |
Procyon Office Productivity Application | Score |
|---|---|
Office Productivity Overall Score | 7,024 |
Microsoft Word Score | 7,160 |
Microsoft Excel Score | 7,440 |
Microsoft PowerPoint Score | 7,904 |
Microsoft Outlook Score | 4,761 |
Procyon Essentials Workload | Score |
|---|---|
Essentials Overall Score | 4,863 |
App Startup Score | 5,382 |
Web Browsing Score | 4,346 |
Browser Tabs Score | 6,130 |
File Operations Score | 5,013 |
Video Conferencing Score | 5,015 |
Procyon Photo Editing Subtest | Score |
|---|---|
Photo Editing Overall Score | 6,801 |
Image Retouching Score | 9,398 |
Batch Processing Score | 4,922 |
Procyon Video Editing v1.5 Export Test | Time / Score |
|---|---|
Video Editing Overall Score | 29,595 |
Export H.264 Full HD (Test 1 - GPU Effects) | 42.00 s |
Export H.264 Full HD (Test 2) | 34.42 s |
Export H.264 UHD 4K (Test 1 - GPU Effects) | 81.42 s |
Export H.264 UHD 4K (Test 2) | 66.50 s |
Model | Overall Score | Tokens / Second | Time to First Token (s) | Model Load Time (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Phi-3.5-mini | 2,615 | 72.21 | 0.27 | 0.66 |
Mistral 7B | 2,276 | 53.07 | 0.47 | 0.96 |
Llama 3.1 8B | 2,251 | 49.44 | 0.40 | 1.50 |
Llama 2 13B | 2,108 | 27.44 | 0.84 | 1.69 |
Model & Precision | Score | Speed (s / image) | Total Time Taken (s) |
|---|---|---|---|
Stable Diffusion 1.5 (FP16) | 1,480 | 4.22 | 67.55 |
Stable Diffusion 1.5 (INT8) | 11,294 | 2.77 | 22.14 |
Stable Diffusion XL (FP16) | 1,496 | 25.05 | 400.82 |
Vision Model Workload | Throughput / Inferences per Second |
|---|---|
Overall Score | 3,997 |
ConvNeXt Overall Throughput | 1,901.71 inf/s |
Segment Anything 2.1 Decoder | 806.86 inf/s |
Segment Anything 2.1 Encoder | 58.90 inf/s |
BLIP Encoder | 421.58 inf/s |
BLIP Decoder | 409.50 inf/s |
DETR | 225.04 inf/s |
Real-ESRGAN | 16.58 inf/s |
Benchmark Suite / Test | Surface Laptop Ultra | Lenovo Yoga Pro 9 | ASUS Zephyrus G14 | Lenovo LEGION 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Video Editing (v15 Score) | 29,595 | 38,262 | 32,096 | 58,497 |
AI Computer Vision 2 Overall | 3,997 | 2,690 | 2,578 | 4,946 |
AI Image Gen: SD 1.5 FP16 | 1,480 | 1,434 | 928 | 2,242 |
AI Image Gen: SD 1.5 INT8 | 11,294 | 1,801 | 2,454 | 567 |
AI Image Gen: SDXL FP16 | 1,496 | 1,201 | 815 | 1,975 |
AI Text Gen: Phi | 2,615 | 2,759 | 1,783 | 4,005 |
AI Text Gen: Mistral | 2,276 | 2,482 | 1,516 | 3,498 |
AI Text Gen: LLaMA 3 | 2,251 | 2,407 | 1,457 | 3,472 |
AI Text Gen: LLaMA 2 | 2,108 | 249 | 1,350 | 3,360 |
Essentials (Overall Score) | 4,863 | 4,931 | 4,128 | 4,754 |
It’s true, the moon is shrinking. And astronomers now know how fast it’s contracting. While only satellite observations and the most delicate instruments can detect these shifts, the consequences of this shrinkage means moonquakes can occur anywhere on the lunar surface at a moment’s notice.
A team led by Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum planetary geologist Thomas Watters detailed their findings in a study recently published in The Planetary Science Journal. Researchers used data from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC), which has spent over 17 years generating millions of images of the moon’s surface. A shriveling lunar landscape may sound dramatic, but it’s occurring at a glacial pace. Based on these new calculations, the moon’s overall radius has decreased nearly 148 feet over the last 400–800 million years as it continues to cool. That’s about 2.4 to 4.3 inches per million years, or just 0.1 micrometer annually.
Although slow, the incremental activity’s effects are visible everywhere. On Earth, about 90 percent of all seismic activity occurs near the boundaries between lithospheric plates. But unlike its host planet, our moon is encased by a single, shell-like plate. This means interior cooling can generate slips and faults anywhere at any given time. After reviewing images taken by the LROC, the study’s authors tallied over 10,000 visible lunar faults.
“The number of these young faults revealed in LROC images is much greater than I ever imagined,” said Watters. “As the interior of the moon continues to cool and contract, it is expected that the growth of existing faults and formation of new faults continues today.”
While the faults can happen anywhere, some lunar regions are more likely than others to feature them. Areas with the thickest crust have fewer faults, which indicates they may be more stable than other, thinner sections. In addition to better understanding lunar history, the distribution and frequency of moonquakes may also help NASA better plan for a long-term human presence on the moon.
The post The moon is shrinking. Astronomers finally know how fast. appeared first on Popular Science.

NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover has officially traveled 28.10 miles—farther across another planet’s surface than any other vehicle in history. Not only that, but the six-wheeled science lab accomplished this impressive feat almost entirely autonomously and in barely a third the time it took the previous recordholder.
“The original mission called for no more than 12.4 miles of driving. We’ve blown well past that,” Steven Lee, Perseverance and Curiosity project manager at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said in a statement.
Perseverance began operations on Mars on February 18, 2021, after landing in an ancient river delta selected for potential past microbial life called Jezero Crater. Since then, the rover has slowly but steadily made its way across the region, while conducting multiple sediment drilling surveys. These samples are then chemically analyzed using onboard laboratory equipment before the results are sent back to mission specialists at NASA.
Perseverance surpassed the previous travel record of 28.06 miles set by NASA’s Opportunity rover, before its communications with NASA ended on June 10, 2018. However, it took Opportunity nearly 15 years to accrue its distance while Perseverance exceeded the same mileage in less than six years, and on the 2,006th Martian day (sol) of its mission. Perseverance is currently traveling towards an area named Idubi through an expanse nicknamed “Lac de Charmes.” The region near Jezero Crater’s western rim hosts what may be the oldest landscape ever investigated in the solar system. Mars does not feature tectonic plates like Earth, which means its terrain is never eroded and subsumed into the planet’s substrates.
Mission engineers have not spent the last six years remotely steering Perseverance, either. The rover arrived on Mars equipped with a self-piloting system called AutoNav, which constructs 3D maps of the immediate surroundings to flag any potential hazards. AutoNav then charts a route between specific waypoints chosen by NASA specialists back home. Perseverance has completed 90 percent of its total excursion with AutoNav. Opportunity and its sibling rover, Spirit, only relied on a first version of the piloting system about five percent of the time.
Perseverance has a long road ahead of it, if all goes according to plan. In October, NASA approved the first mission extension that will continue the rover’s operations through about the end of 2028.
“With all mobility systems fully operational and favorable extended-ground-life test results, we expect Perseverance to keep adding to this record for many years to come,” added Lee.
The post NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover sets distance record appeared first on Popular Science.

Meta is starting a new test in the U.S. on Threads to spotlight posts and comments from users that get the conversation going.
Meta published an "About Gems on Threads" document this week, highlighting the test (via Android Headlines). The company states a "Threads Gem" will appear on "public posts and replies that started or continued these (standout) conversations." An automated system within the Threads app is responsible for dishing out these purple badges.
Gems are given based on the level of conversation, "not on how many followers a profile has." The company clarifies that Gems are decided based on a few factors, such as "Perspective." If a conversation or comment brings a fresh take (or a hot take), that could be the catalyst for a Gem badge. Originality is another key player in deciding these new badges.
Threads will also factor in the level of discussion, which seems like the bar for something like this. It states that if the post or reply facilitates "real back-and-forth dialogue" that progresses the thread, that might warrant a Gem.
Everything isn't fair game for Gems on Threads. The document says content is only eligible if you've posted on Threads and you're directly replying to the original post (if you're replying to a reply, that won't count). If you're given a Gem badge, it'll appear publicly for everyone to see, and you'll receive a notification about it.

This reminds me of a forum—the Gem badges. If you frequent Reddit, you'll see badges there, too. They're called Awards over there, and they're given by the people. Threads kind of took that same concept, but handed the keys over to its software. I don't think it's a bad idea ... the Gems, not the algorithm part. It brings more of a sense of community. An online community that's interacting and talking through things.
Threads has had a couple of updates worthy of discussion. If we're talking about discussions on the internet (oh boy), you can't leave out the hottest of hot takes. Threads rolled out "ghost posts," otherwise known as disappearing posts. Users can set a ghost post to disappear in 24 hours. Threads says it rolled out ghost posts for "fresh takes/thoughts." Users can post their hot takes and more without "the pressure of permanence or polish."
However, since these are active for a time on the platform, others can reply. If this happens, all replies are sent to your DMs.
Threads had another update earlier this year called "Dear Algo." This is a system that puts users in the driver's seat of the algorithm. You can control what you see on Threads for up to three days via a "request." Users can share their algorithm requests with others to share the vibes.
Successfully sending Artemis II astronauts on their historic lunar flyby earlier this year required some of the latest and most precise technologies, but not everything in this mission needed the same intense equipment. As crewmates gazed through Orion’s capsule window at the moon’s eclipse of the sun on April 6, 2026, three of the travelers needed a way to easily sketch some of their preliminary observations. They took turns writing their notes on a shared tablet PC—and NASA has recently highlighted their work with a screenshot of their efforts.
Astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and Jeremy Hansen had a lengthy list of tasks during their 10-day, 700,000-mile roundtrip. One of the most visually dramatic jobs involved carefully assessing lunar activity while passing across the moon’s dark side from a distance of about 46,000 miles away. The roughly hour-long observation period provided astronauts with an unprecedented opportunity to record meteorite activity.

The tablet screenshot includes notes taken by Wisemen (in blue), Hansen (in red), and Glover (in green) during the moon’s eclipse of the sun. The crew collectively spotted at least five faint flashes of light caused by impacts. According to Wiseman, the first three impacts occurred within about 10 minutes into their observations, while another two happened later during the flyby. Impacts two and four were likely also corroborated by Hansen and Glover.
Since the moon does not have an atmosphere like Earth’s, the lunar surface is regularly bombarded by space rocks. Most of them are comparatively small, but they will still pose a problem for future crewed trips to the surface,especially those stationed in a planned permanent lunar base. The data gathered by Artemis II on April 6 will help NASA better understand these dynamics, and plan for the safest environments possible for their astronauts.
Artemis II’s astronauts safely returned to Earth during a splashdown off the coast of San Diego at 8:07 p.m. EDT on April 11. If all goes as planned, Artemis III’s crew will launch on their mission no earlier than June 2027.
The post NASA shares Artemis II astronauts’ handwritten mission notes appeared first on Popular Science.

She’s bubblegum pink with a permanent little smile. She sports a pretty flower on her head sports a black tattoo on one of her eight arms. But don’t let this dumbo octopus’ adorable exterior fool you. Miss Abyss is here on serious business.
“Miss Abyss is a dumbo octopus from the deep-sea, and she is on a journey all across the country looking for allies to support her to help defend the deep-sea,” Angelo Villagomez, a research fellow at the Center for American Progress (CAP), tells Popular Science.
While Miss Abyss herself is an octopus illustrated by CAP research associate Jasia Smith, dumbo octopuses (genus Grimpoteuthis) are very real cephalopods. They live on the ocean floor, and many species can be found at extreme depths of 9,800 to 13,000 feet and are only about 8 inches tall.
CAP’s’ Miss Abyss campaign is using the dumbo octopus to raise awareness about protecting public waters from deep-sea mining using the Flat Stanley method. Based on the children’s book Flat Stanley, children are are asked to take pictures of a paper doll in places near where they live for a popular school project. For Miss Abyss, supporters are asked to print out a picture of her and then take a photo or video of her in a place that represents their state or home and share it on social media. Supporters are also encouraged to sign CAP’s petition.
“One of the most popular things in the United States is our public lands and our public waters,” Villagomez says. “We’re creating a fun and engaging way for people of all ages to be creative and basically showcase their support.”

Deep-sea mining is the extraction of mineral resources including manganese, nickel, cobalt, copper, and rare earth elements from the ocean floor. Proponents of future deep-sea mining say that these and other minerals could help speed up the development of clean energy technologies. The global demand for nickel, cobalt and rare earth elements needed for digitization and decarbonization may double by 2040 to meet carbon emissions goals. Some also see the deep-sea as a safer alternative to mining on land.
But the process could cause destruction to a critical ecosystem that we still do not know much about. As of April, only 28.7 percent of the global seafloor has been mapped. A 2025 report commissioned by the National Ocean Protection Coalition found that in the next 15 years, the economic, environmental, and technical challenges associated with deep-sea mining would make its profitability or commercial success highly unlikely. Waste discharge from deep-sea mining could also reduce food availability for the species that live there.
On November 12, 2025, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) announced a Request for Information and Interest (RFI) for leasing land off the Northern Mariana islands for mining. While the comment period ended on January 12, organizations from Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands and their national partners collected over 60,000 petitions, letters, and comments opposing the plans to allow deep sea mining near the Mariana Trench.
On August 17, BOEM announced a Proposed Leasing Notice (PLN) and a 60-day comment period that outlines the terms and conditions of the potential sale. The date for the lease sale is currently set for December 16, 2026.
“Some of the least disturbed coral reef ecosystems on the planet are on these isolated Pacific islands in the U.S. Pacific territories,” says Villagomez. “I think part of the human spirit is knowing that there are places that are unexplored, that there are things on our Earth that are still yet to be discovered.”
As a result, roughly 31 million acres near American Samoa and 69 million acres near the Mariana Islands’ outer continental shelves could go up for auction. The U.S. federal government has also proposed lease sales to advance deep-sea mining near Alaska and Virginia.
“We’re not talking about a small [mine on land] where it’s one open pit,” says Villagomez. “It’s as far as the eye can see in every direction.”
In addition to the environmental risks, deep-sea mining also presents an Indigenous sovereignty issue. The ocean is a sacred part of the identity, spirituality and traditions of the Chamorro and Refaluwasch people of the Marianas, and other communities of American Samoa.
“I am Indigenous Chamorro, born in Guam, but my family is from Saipan. I grew up knowing that I lived next to the Mariana Trench,” Villagomez says. “I remember being out fishing with my dad, and he would then tell dad jokes, like ‘Oh you see the mountain there? It’s the tallest mountain in the world because it stretches all the way down to the Mariana Trench.’”
That was not just a dad joke. At 6.8 miles below sea level, the Mariana Trench is deeper than Mount Everest is tall (5.5 miles).
Mining in the deepest parts of the ocean may not yield minerals companies want. CAP says that the proposed areas in the Marianas do not even have nodule fields of significant commercial value, and alleges that the mining is a pretext for testing prototype equipment for future operations elsewhere.
“This is a really new environmental issue. Up until about a year ago, deep sea mining was science fiction, so the types of people who would be organized on this if it was a public lands issue are not necessarily as organized,” says Villagomez. “So we’re going out there gathering allies, not just pictures of people with Miss Abyss, but also as that collective power to bring to conservation.”
Since launching in August, Miss Abyss has already visited about 20 states, gone backstage at a Spin Doctor’s concert, sat beneath the Brooklyn Bridge, and visited the Grand Tetons.

Miss Abyss has also met oceanographer Dawn Wright. Nicknamed “Deepsea Dawn,” Wright is the first Black American and 27th human to dive to the bottom of the Mariana Trench. In July 2022, she dove the 6.8 miles below sea level to Challenger Deep at the southern end of the trench.
“She’s [Wright] just a great ambassador to the deep-sea herself,” says Villagomez. “So to see Miss Abyss and DeepseaDawn together was great.”
While Miss Abyss travels the globe for support, the team at CAP continues working at the policy level. The courts could intervene and stop the lease sales, but the situation remains fluid and uncertain. In the meantime, Miss Abyss will continue her journey on social media.
And as for where Villagomez would like to see Miss Abyss continue to pop up? “I would love for her to visit our national parks.”
The post Pink, pretty, and protective. A dumbo octopus is here with a message from the deep-sea. appeared first on Popular Science.

If you're in the U.S. with Motorola's latest Razr Ultra, today might be a good day. Android 17 is rolling out for the Ultra foldable.
This afternoon (Oct. 6), we received a tip that Motorola's Razr Ultra 2026 is now receiving Android 17 in the U.S. as vA171WLH.38-19-5. Once this starts rolling out to more carriers and users, you should notice a 4.1GB download. The immediate changelog states that the official Android 17 release is "smarter, safer, and more productive."

On one hand, you have the patch notes, which tease "a fresh, expressive design" along with reduced visual clutter, improved multitasking, and enhanced protection and protection controls. But there's lots more in store. The full extent of the Razr Ultra 2026's Android 17 update reveals vastly updated icons, themed icons, and an updated Settings page.
According to our source, the Razr Ultra's AI Key "finally lets you remap with double tap." Within the AI Key's settings, you'll find a "Double Press" option. From there, you can select between several options, such as Digital Assistant, Motorola Qira, Pay Attention, and more.
The Live Updates UI has also gotten a refresh in Android 17. The updated design takes inspiration from Apple's devices with an "iPhone-like" Dynamic Island. Notification Summaries is another talking point. Moto states this feature will "summarize long messages and group conversations to get quick recaps."




The update for the Razr Ultra 2026 is extensive, adding new HDR display settings, Moto's AI, Qira, and Pause Point. Moto states Pause Point is designed to help users stay on task throughout the day. If you're trying to open an app that normally distracts you, Pause Point will "briefly delay" opening it. Moto says this is an intended action to help users make a different choice.
The HDR settings let users "brighten and expand the color range and clarity" of their display. There's an "Intensity" slider that you can shift to the right (brighter) or to the left (dimmer).
What's more, our source says "Tap to Send" is supposed to be included in this Android 17 update; however, they've yet to see it. Haptic feedback was noticed when dismissing notifications, similar to Google's Pixel phones.
We've been waiting for this update to arrive for a while now. Motorola detailed its list of eligible devices for Android 17 in August. It listed the Razr Ultra 2026, as well as the Razr Ultra 2025, Motorola Razr 70 Ultra, Motorola Razr+ 2026, and more. What followed this was Motorola's full reveal of its Android 17 update. Stackable widgets, new sharing features for Connected Devices, and the ability to hide labels when using Classic Style were mentioned.
This update was spotted early this afternoon, so keep your phone close. It should begin arriving for more users as the week continues.


