Nature Geoscience, Published online: 02 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-02003-3

Analysis of particles within a coastal Antarctic ice core reveal a shift in atmospheric dynamics and ice-free terrain related to ice loss during the Last Interglacial. Climate simulations with a reduced Antarctic ice extent agree with the ice core record, suggesting that the Ross Ice Shelf and West Antarctic Ice Sheet are vulnerable to a warmer climate.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 02 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-02005-1

An analysis of tide gauge data from around the world provides more precise constraints on local vertical land motion, which can help refine projections of relative sea-level change.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 01 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01962-x

Two river systems that drained into the partially desiccated Late Miocene Mediterranean later coalesced into the modern Euphrates River as regional uplift redirected drainage to the Persian Gulf, according to geomorphic mapping and sediment modelling.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 01 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-02002-4

Ongoing climate warming is heating lake sediments worldwide. Model simulations indicate that sediment heatwaves will intensify and become increasingly pervasive under climate change, with the potential to increase methane production and sediment respiration.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 01 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01986-3

Model analyses and projections of sediment heatwave duration, intensity and frequency across 41,499 representative lakes suggest that lake sediment heatwaves are more persistent and frequent than lake surface heatwaves and will intensify under global warming.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 01 June 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01996-1

Global soil mineral data from orbital spectroscopy reduce uncertainty in dust’s solar radiative impact and improve estimates of Earth’s energy imbalance, according to analyses integrating high-resolution soil composition into Earth system models.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 28 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01979-2

A transient ice sheet model simulation of the past 3 million years suggests that the Antarctic Ice Sheet became more sensitive to decreasing CO2 levels following the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, driven by the increasing influence of global sea-level changes.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01998-z

Soil viruses greatly influence the carbon sequestration processes associated with anaerobic methane oxidation, according to analyses of carbon flows in paddy soil.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01985-4

Carbon dioxide outgassing from the ocean associated with the passage of tropical cyclones has declined in recent decades and may switch to being a net sink of CO2 under high-emissions scenarios, according to an analysis of observational records.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01992-5

The dominant control of soil nitrogen retention changes at a threshold of around 700 mm precipitation, according to an analysis of soil nitrogen and biogeochemical measurements from 31 sites across the United States.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01988-1

Dust derived from Antarctic sources measured in an ice core from the Allan Hills spanning the peak of the Last Interglacial suggests that the Ross Sea was probably open at the time, coincident with a reduction in the volume of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 22 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01990-7

Continental lithosphere thickness exerts a positive control on CO2 contents of erupted magmas, hence also influencing the location of rare-earth element deposits, according to a study of lithospheric thickness and CO2-rich magma locations.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 20 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01994-3

In summer 2025, a rapidly spreading megafire in Scotland, twice as large as the next-largest UK fire in the past two decades, caused widespread carbon emissions from the combustion of vegetation and peat, according to remote sensing analyses, field measurements and modelling.

Nature Geoscience, Published online: 19 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-01981-8

Human-driven disturbances intensify and prolong evapotranspiration declines across South American ecosystems, disrupting the water balance and threatening ecological resilience, according to hydrological modelling and remote sensing data.