In one of the most ambitious mapping efforts in the history of radio astronomy, China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope — better known as FAST — has delivered a cosmic atlas of staggering proportions. The FASHI team, headquartered at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC), has announced the second data release of the FAST All Sky HI Survey, published as a cover story in the journal Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy. Just two years after the survey’s first data release catalogued 41,741 galaxies, the new edition explodes that figure to 156,411 extragalactic sources detected in neutral hydrogen — nearly a fourfold leap that firmly establishes FASHI as the largest census of atomic hydrogen gas in galaxies ever compiled.

The scale of the achievement is difficult to overstate. FASHI DR2 now spans roughly 19,500 square degrees of sky, equivalent to 47.3 percent of the entire celestial sphere, and reaches out to redshifts below z = 0.09 — distances of well over a billion light years. For comparison, the previous benchmark in this field, the ALFALFA survey conducted with the now-collapsed Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico, charted approximately 31,500 hydrogen-bearing galaxies across about 7,000 square degrees. FASHI DR2 has thus quintupled the galaxy count of its Arecibo predecessor while covering nearly three times the sky area, and it has done so with a sensitivity roughly 0.7 times deeper than ALFALFA’s, measured as a median noise level of 0.57 mJy per beam at a velocity resolution of 6.4 kilometers per second. In radio astronomy, lower numbers mean better sensitivity — and FASHI’s numbers are among the best ever achieved in a blind, wide-area survey.

The engine behind this performance is FAST itself. With its 500-meter dish nestled in the karst hills of Guizhou Province, the telescope remains the most sensitive single-dish radio instrument on Earth at the 21-centimeter wavelength of neutral hydrogen. The survey exploited a 19-beam receiver array, allowing the telescope to sweep the sky in an efficient drift-scan mode that turned routine transits of the sky above the dish into a torrent of data. Crucially, the instrument maintained exceptional stability across five full years of observing, from August 2020 through July 2025. In surveys of this kind, calibration drifts and instrumental fluctuations can quietly corrupt weak extragalactic signals; FAST’s long-term steadiness meant that faint hydrogen emission from distant galactic disks could be stacked, averaged and trusted.

Neutral hydrogen — the primordial fuel of star formation — is invisible to optical telescopes. The 21-centimeter spectral line, produced when the electron in a hydrogen atom flips its spin relative to the proton’s, provides the only direct tracer of the cold atomic gas from which galaxies build their stars. Detecting this feeble signal across cosmological distances requires both enormous collecting area and exquisite receiver stability. A blind HI survey, unlike targeted observations, simply listens to every direction on the sky and catalogs whatever whispers back, making it an unbiased inventory of gas-rich galaxies regardless of their optical brightness, dust content or morphology. That is precisely why such surveys are prized: they catch the dim, gas-dominated dwarfs and bloated hydrogen clouds that optical catalogs systematically miss.

To give the hydrogen detections physical meaning, the FASHI team cross-matched their radio catalog with the two great optical spectroscopic endeavors of the current era: the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This cross-identification yielded precise optical counterparts for approximately 64,000 sources, anchoring the hydrogen detections to galaxies with measured distances, stellar masses and star-formation rates. From these matches the team constructed a completeness-corrected statistical sample of more than 109,000 galaxies — a sample robust enough to push fundamental measurements into territory previously beyond reach.

The flagship result of the release is a new measurement of the HI mass function, the statistical distribution describing how many galaxies of a given hydrogen mass populate the local universe. Thanks to the sheer sample size and FAST’s depth, the team extended the reliable measurement range of this function down to hydrogen masses of about one million solar masses — roughly 10 to the power 6.2 in solar mass units — a regime where only the faintest dwarf galaxies live. These smallest gas reservoirs are the building blocks of galaxy evolution, the raw material that hierarchically assembles larger systems, and their census has long been fragmentary. Equally striking is the derived cosmic density of neutral hydrogen: Ω_HI equals (4.71 ± 0.03 statistical ± 0.40 systematic) × 10⁻⁴ in units of h₇₀³ Mpc⁻³ dex⁻¹. The statistical uncertainty is a mere 0.6 percent — the most precise determination of the universe’s atomic hydrogen budget ever made at low redshift.

Why does such a number matter? The cosmic HI density tracks how much raw fuel exists for future star formation, and comparing its evolution across cosmic time constrains how galaxies acquire and exhaust their gas. Because atomic hydrogen sits at the interface between the intergalactic medium and the star-forming interstellar medium, its abundance is a sensitive probe of gas accretion onto dark matter halos and of the feedback processes that heat or expel gas from galaxies. Baryonic matter, after all, is hidden in far more places than stars: cold gas, warm gas, plasma in and around halos. A precision measurement of the hydrogen component anchors models of where ordinary matter resides within the cosmic web of dark matter.

The applications of the new catalog ripple far beyond that single number. For galaxy evolution studies, the 156,411 detections provide direct observational constraints on gas accretion, star formation feedback and galaxy transformation — the processes that turn blue, gas-rich spirals into passive red systems. For cosmology, the HI mass function tests galaxy formation models within the prevailing dark matter framework. For large-scale structure work, the survey complements optical galaxy catalogs to trace the so-called HI cosmic web, revealing how diffuse gas threads through filaments and pools in voids — architecture that optical surveys alone can only infer. The dataset will also aid gravitational-wave and transient science: rapid localization of the host galaxies of gravitational-wave events depends on accurate galaxy catalogs, and an inventory of hundreds of thousands of nearby galaxies sharpens those host identifications. Finally, FASHI serves as a pathfinder for the Square Kilometre Array, the giant interferometric observatory under construction in Australia and South Africa, providing benchmark samples against which next-generation interferometric surveys will calibrate their systems and select their targets.

The trajectory of the project tells its own story. When FASHI DR1 appeared, it broke ALFALFA’s long-standing record for the largest blind HI survey. With DR2, the team argues, FASHI has moved from record-breaking to benchmark-setting — a transition that observers of Chinese radio astronomy describe as the shift from follower to leader in 21-centimeter science. The cover of the journal issue reinforces the mood: a warm sunset scene evoking the faint 21-centimeter photons from distant galaxies arriving at FAST after journeys of billions of light years, messengers of the cold gas that permeates the universe.

The survey’s story is also one of institutional perseverance. The work is led by NAOC in collaboration with the Guizhou Radio Astronomical Observatory, the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, the CAS South America Center for Astronomy, Peking University and other partner institutions, with funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. Sustained national investment in a single flagship instrument has now produced a dataset whose statistical power no other facility can currently match at these wavelengths.

The full FASHI DR2 source catalog has been released to the public through the FAST data portal, a decision that will likely seed hundreds of follow-up studies in the coming years, from targeted observations of hydrogen-rich dwarfs to statistical analyses of gas in galaxy groups and environmental studies of gas stripping in clusters. As the SKA era approaches, FASHI DR2 stands as both a scientific foundation and a demonstration: that a single dish, used patiently and precisely over five years, can still redraw the map of the gaseous universe. With nearly half the sky covered and a quarter of a million more square degrees potentially within reach, the question is no longer whether FAST will extend the hydrogen frontier, but how far.

Nothing appears to be preparing a more premium version of its over-ear headphone lineup. According to information reported by Dealabs, the company is expected to introduce the Nothing Headphone (1) Pro in the coming weeks, with a European price of €349 and a U.S. price of $399. Nothing’s move into premium headphones also gives the brand another way to extend its distinctive Nothing’s transparent design language beyond smartphones and earbuds.

The new model is reportedly scheduled to launch on September 29, positioning it firmly in the premium wireless headphone market rather than the entry-level segment.

Nothing’s Transparent Design Gets a Premium Treatment

The Headphone (1) Pro is expected to continue Nothing’s recognizable design language, including the brand’s semi-transparent aesthetic. The headphones are reportedly offered in black and white, while the construction combines an aluminum body with scratch-resistant glass elements.

The headset is also said to carry an IP52 rating, providing some protection against dust and light water exposure. While that rating does not make the headphones suitable for heavy rain or water immersion, it could provide additional peace of mind during everyday use.

Triple-Driver System Could Be the Biggest Upgrade

One of the most interesting features of the Headphone (1) Pro is its reported three-driver audio architecture. Instead of relying on a conventional single-driver setup, the headphones are expected to use separate drivers to handle different parts of the frequency range.

The high-frequency section could use an XMEMS driver, a technology designed around extremely fast mechanical response and precise high-frequency reproduction. If implemented as reported, the combination could give Nothing a stronger technical selling point against other premium wireless headphones.

The company is also reportedly working with Metropolis Studios, a well-known London recording and mastering facility, on the headphone’s tuning. That collaboration could help Nothing pursue a more studio-oriented sound profile rather than simply emphasizing heavy bass or consumer-friendly sound.

10 Microphones and Adaptive ANC

The Headphone (1) Pro is expected to include 10 microphones, which could support both active noise cancellation and voice-related functions.

The headphones are reportedly equipped with adaptive active noise cancellation (adaptive ANC) that can adjust to surrounding conditions. A transparency mode is also expected, allowing users to hear environmental sounds without removing the headphones.

This combination should make the Headphone (1) Pro more practical for commuting, office use and other situations where users may need to switch between immersive listening and environmental awareness.

Hi-Res Audio, LDAC and More Sound Controls

For wireless audio, the new headphones are expected to support LDAC and Hi-Res Audio, potentially giving compatible devices access to higher-quality Bluetooth audio transmission.

Nothing is also reportedly preparing a Flat EQ option alongside more advanced sound-adjustment features. The company may position these controls toward listeners who want greater control over how their music sounds rather than relying solely on preset profiles.

The reported involvement of Metropolis Studios further suggests that audio quality will be one of the major selling points of the Pro model.

Bluetooth 6.1 and a 3.5mm Headphone Jack

Connectivity is another area where the Headphone (1) Pro could stand out. The headset is reportedly expected to use Bluetooth 6.1, while also retaining a 3.5mm audio jack.

The wired connection will be useful for listeners who prefer a direct audio connection, want to avoid Bluetooth compression, or need to connect the headphones to devices without wireless audio support.

The combination of modern Bluetooth connectivity and a traditional wired input also gives the headphones greater flexibility across different listening environments.

Up to 60 Hours of Battery Life

Battery life could be another major advantage. The Headphone (1) Pro is reportedly capable of delivering up to 60 hours of playback, although real-world endurance will likely depend on factors such as ANC usage, volume level, codec selection and connection mode.

The headphones are also expected to support fast charging, allowing users to restore listening time without keeping the headset connected to power for long periods.

Nothing Headphone (1) Pro: What to Expect

Based on the leaked information, the Nothing Headphone (1) Pro could be a significant step beyond a typical lifestyle-focused wireless headset. Its combination of a three-driver audio system, XMEMS technology, 10 microphones, adaptive ANC, LDAC, Bluetooth 6.1 and up to 60 hours of battery life gives it a specification sheet aimed squarely at the premium market.

The reported €349 European price and $399 U.S. price would also put it in direct competition with established premium headphone brands.

Nothing has yet to officially confirm all of these specifications, so the final hardware, features and regional pricing should be treated as unconfirmed until the company makes its announcement. If the September 29 launch date is accurate, more official details should emerge soon.

The post Nothing Headphone (1) Pro Leaked: Triple-Driver Audio, 60-Hour Battery and September 29 Launch appeared first on IGeeKphone China Phone, Tablet PC, VR, RC Drone News, Reviews.

A OpenAI anunciou recentemente uma série de novidades para o ChatGPT, incluindo uma atualização muito bem-vinda para usuários do ChatGPT Voice.

Agora, o assistente pode usar os modelos GPT-5.6 ou GPT-6 Astra quando precisa pesquisar ou raciocinar sobre questões mais difíceis — e o usuário pode escolher qual usar com um seletor.

Além disso, a empresa também simplificou os limites de uso diários do GPT-Live:

• Go: até 3 horas com o GPT-Live-1 mini, substituindo o acesso ao GPT-Live-1;
• Plus: até 3 horas com o GPT-Live-1;
• Pro (US$100/mês): até 15 horas com o GPT-Live-1;
• Pro (US$200/mês): uso ilimitado do GPT-Live-1;
• Plus e Pro: não mudam mais para o GPT-Live mini depois de atingir o limite de uso do Voice.

Com essas mudanças, os planos Plus e Pro não mudam mais para o GPT-Live-1 mini depois de atingir o limite de uso do Voice. Além disso, os níveis separados de inteligência do Voice (Instant, Medium e High) foram descontinuados.

Novidades para o ChatGPT Work e Codex

A OpenAI anunciou também que a Deep Research está agora disponível no ChatGPT Work e no Codex para os planos Plus, Pro, Business, Enterprise e Edu. Basta ao usuário digitar @Deep Research ou pedir explicitamente para usá-la no comando.

Outra novidade chegando aos dois recursos é o plugin Data, que ajuda a analisar dados de negócios conectados. É possível fazer uma pergunta sobre um negócio, investigar mudanças ou até mesmo criar um dashboard interativo sobre o conteúdo analisado.

Biblioteca

Agora também é possível compartilhar arquivos e pastas no ChatGPT pela Biblioteca. É possível compartilhar com pessoas específicas ou com integrantes do workspace, com opções de gerenciamento de acesso e uma visualização dos conteúdos compartilhados.

Por fim, a Biblioteca também suporta agora o Box, o Dropbox e o SharePoint, que se juntam ao Google Drive para permitir que o usuário pesquise com facilidade por arquivos e pastas disponíveis nessas plataformas e os usem como contexto em conversas.

Paleontologists in Montana have discovered remarkably preserved feathers of an ancient aquatic bird inside a fossilized dinosaur dropping, offering rare insight into why certain birds survived the asteroid strike that wiped out the dinosaurs 66 million years ago.

The post Exceptionally Preserved Bird Feathers Found in 66-Million-Year-Old Dinosaur Coprolite appeared first on Sci.News: Breaking Science News.

The European Space Agency is moving "full steam ahead" with development of a robotic mission to Venus after NASA officials determined they were unlikely to fulfill a commitment to provide a US-built radar instrument for the spacecraft, the mission's project scientist said.

The European orbiter, named Envision, will map the Venusian surface at 10 times higher resolution than the last radar mission sent to Venus by NASA in the 1990s. The planet is enshrouded in a blanket of thick clouds of sulfuric acid, rendering its mysterious surface unseen by optical cameras in orbit. Radar is the most effective way to penetrate the clouds of Venus to reveal the terrain below, and scientists will use Envision to look for signs of active volcanism.

NASA and ESA signed a memorandum of understanding in 2024 outlining their partnership on Envision. NASA agreed to supply a US-made synthetic aperture radar instrument, Envision's primary means of mapping the surface of Venus, along with providing tracking and communications support through NASA's Deep Space Network. In exchange, ESA would include US researchers on Envision's science team. Europe would build the Envision spacecraft and the rest of its science instruments and provide the launch on an Ariane 6 rocket.

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The European Space Agency is moving "full steam ahead" with development of a robotic mission to Venus after NASA officials determined they were unlikely to fulfill a commitment to provide a US-built radar instrument for the spacecraft, the mission's project scientist said.

The European orbiter, named Envision, will map the Venusian surface at 10 times higher resolution than the last radar mission sent to Venus by NASA in the 1990s. The planet is enshrouded in a blanket of thick clouds of sulfuric acid, rendering its mysterious surface unseen by optical cameras in orbit. Radar is the most effective way to penetrate the clouds of Venus to reveal the terrain below, and scientists will use Envision to look for signs of active volcanism.

NASA and ESA signed a memorandum of understanding in 2024 outlining their partnership on Envision. NASA agreed to supply a US-made synthetic aperture radar instrument, Envision's primary means of mapping the surface of Venus, along with providing tracking and communications support through NASA's Deep Space Network. In exchange, ESA would include US researchers on Envision's science team. Europe would build the Envision spacecraft and the rest of its science instruments and provide the launch on an Ariane 6 rocket.

Read full article

Comments

Paleoanthropologists have identified a trove of Denisovan fossils from a cave in China’s Yunnan province, extending the known range of the elusive human relative and providing the first-ever direct evidence of what its forearm bones looked like.

The post Denisovans Once Roamed Southwest China, New Fossils Reveal appeared first on Sci.News: Breaking Science News.

Odysseus estreia no Snap Store com IA local, privacidade e instalação simples para Linux, incluindo configuração offline e backend Ollama.

O post Odysseus chega ao Snap Store com IA local e foco em privacidade apareceu primeiro em Blog do Edivaldo - Informações e Notícias sobre Linux.

Bank of America says John Ternus’ first major product launch as Apple CEO reinforced the company’s bet on hardware innovation, privacy, and more personalized, privacy-focused artificial intelligence.

Wamsi Mohan, Bank of America’s managing director and senior equity research analyst covering Apple, told Bloomberg Tech host Ed Ludlow that the new foldable iPhone Duo expands Apple’s addressable market. The book-style device, unveiled at Ternus’s debut event, opens to a 7.6-inch inner display from a 5.4-inch cover screen and starts at $1,999. Mohan framed it as more than a form-factor change: a way to pull new users and use cases into Apple’s ecosystem while keeping the iPhone at the center of the company’s strategy.

On AI, Mohan pointed to Apple’s split architecture. On-device processing handles as much as possible on Apple Silicon. When more compute is needed, Private Cloud Compute is designed to run larger models without sacrificing user privacy. That combination, he said, could make Siri more capable (able to work across apps and personal context) without the data-collection trade-offs seen in rivals’s offerings. Ternus used the launch to pitch the iPhone as an “intelligent personal hub,” with Siri positioned as a core interface rather than a bolt-on chatbot.

The message from BofA is continuity plus acceleration. Tim Cook’s era was iterative, built a vast installed base, services revenue, and supply-chain scale. Ternus, the longtime hardware chief who took over September 1st, is expected to keep that machine running while pushing devices that embed AI more tightly — foldables now, and later categories such as smarter wearables and home products. Mohan has maintained a Buy rating, arguing Apple can cement device dominance if silicon, privacy, operating systems, and personal context stay tightly integrated.
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MacDailyNews Take: We’re not the only ones who are already loving John Ternus’ Apple!

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The post Apple’s Ternus era opens with innovative iPhone Duo, privacy-first AI, says BofA analyst appeared first on MacDailyNews.

The name that keeps pulling archaeologists back to the eastern frontier What if a city that appears in the records of ancient Egypt has been sitting in plain sight, hidden beneath later roads, barracks and stonework? That is the possibility raised by a new discovery at Tell Abu Seifi in northern Sinai. Archaeologists have found […]

The post Did Archaeologists Find Egypt’s Lost City of Mesen? A Ramesses II Inscription Offers a New Clue appeared first on Curiosmos.

O ArtAtlas é um mapa interativo, feito em IA, com mais de 23 mil obras de arte, 400 artistas e 1.700 espaços em 800 cidades. Este é uma ferramenta ideal para descobrir tesouros escondidos, ou planear um itinerário artístico completo em qualquer cidade.

The post ArtAtlas: o mapa que mostra todas as obras de arte importantes à sua volta appeared first on Tek Notícias.

Dados do mais recente balanço do Serviço de Alterações Climáticas Copernicus (C3S), partilhado pelo pelo Centro Europeu de Previsões Meteorológicas de Médio Prazo (ECMWF), mostram que agosto de 2026 foi, a par de julho de 2023, o mês mais quente de sempre desde que há registos. 

The post Agosto bate recordes de temperatura e marca o verão mais quente de sempre na Europa Ocidental appeared first on Tek Notícias.