Researchers explored how different dietary changes could reduce the carbon footprint of food consumption. A single change at the dinner table could have a bigger climate impact than many people realize. Researchers in the UK found that replacing just one beef steak per week with salmon could significantly reduce food-related carbon emissions over time. In [...]A new satellite-based framework allows scientists to measure the changing rhythms of cities in near real time. Cities are often described as living systems, but until now that idea has mostly been a metaphor. Roads, buildings, parks, and neighborhoods change constantly, yet much of that activity is hard to see as it happens. By the [...]In an era where education continually evolves through collaboration, the partnership between schools and universities represents a crucial frontier for innovation and professional growth. Yet, despite the increasingly common alliances forged between these educational institutions, evaluating their efficacy and sustaining them over time remains a complex challenge. Addressing this gap, a pioneering doctoral thesis from Tallinn University introduces a robust framework designed to monitor and enhance school–university partnerships systematically.
Edna Milena Sarmiento Marquez, PhD in Educational Sciences, has contributed a transformational approach to understanding how educational collaborations can thrive. She emphasizes that strong partnerships catalyze professional development for educators, enrich the practical application of research within classrooms, and ultimately, elevate student learning experiences. More than just administrative or academic joint ventures, these partnerships can ignite educational innovation, blending theoretical insights with lived classroom realities to the benefit of all stakeholders.
However, despite such promise, many partnerships falter due to a lack of clear indicators for progress, and the difficulty in sustaining engagement over extended periods. This represents a critical obstacle, as partnerships often involve diverse participants—teachers, researchers, administrators—each with differing expectations and needs. Without structured methods to assess their collaboration, these alliances risk stagnation or dissolution.
To navigate this intricate landscape, Sarmiento Marquez developed the SUP.ME (School–University Partnerships) framework. This innovative tool acts as both compass and map, guiding partners through the lifecycle of their joint ventures. SUP.ME moves beyond traditional evaluation metrics—such as goal achievement alone—and integrates qualitative measures like mutual trust, effective communication, and the partners’ capacity to learn collaboratively and adapt to evolving conditions. It transforms assessment into an ongoing, reflective learning process where each participant shares responsibility for monitoring progress.
The conceptual underpinning of SUP.ME is the recognition that partnerships function as dynamic ecosystems. They evolve through a continual exchange of knowledge and experiences among partners who bring complementary perspectives. This iterative process supports collective decision-making that is informed by real-time insights rather than distant or static assessments. By embedding evaluation within partnership activities, SUP.ME ensures that feedback loops remain immediate and actionable.
From a methodological standpoint, the framework demands active engagement with observational data, gathered through interactions, meetings, and cooperative initiatives within the partnership. Utilizing this data, partners collaboratively analyze outcomes and challenges, fostering an adaptive environment. Such an approach aligns with contemporary educational theories emphasizing reflective practice and experiential learning, which acknowledge that collaboration itself can be a transformative pedagogical tool.
Sarmiento Marquez’s research highlights that successful partnerships often manifest flexibility—adjusting goals, roles, and strategies as situations evolve. This adaptability is underpinned by the strength of interpersonal relationships and the development of trust. Partnerships that sustain themselves are not merely about completing tasks but about cultivating a shared vision and mutual respect that motivates continued engagement despite inevitable challenges.
This research adds a critical new dimension to partnership studies by situating evaluation as an integral, continuous component rather than a periodic, external audit. In doing so, it disrupts traditional views on educational collaboration and suggests that long-term sustainability emerges through mutual growth and learning. The framework’s practical application promises to provide schools and universities with a much-needed mechanism to quantify and qualify their joint efforts meaningfully.
Equally important is how SUP.ME emphasizes inclusivity and co-ownership of the evaluation process. It eschews hierarchical models where evaluation is imposed by one institution over the other. Instead, it encourages a democratic evaluation culture, promoting transparency and shared accountability. This shift resonates with broader educational trends aiming to democratize knowledge and empower practitioners at all levels.
The broader implications of this work extend beyond school–university partnerships. The principles of collaborative, embedded evaluation may influence how other cross-sectoral educational initiatives are designed and sustained, including community engagement projects and interdisciplinary research programs. By modeling how partnerships can tactically and effectively self-monitor, SUP.ME offers a blueprint for multifaceted educational transformation.
Reflecting on the metaphor provided by Sarmiento Marquez, managing a partnership without structured evaluation is akin to undertaking a trek through challenging terrain without navigational aids. The SUP.ME framework serves as that critical navigation system, enabling partners to map their journey, recognize landmarks of success, and recalibrate their route in response to unforeseen obstacles.
In essence, this doctoral research contributes not just a theoretical model but a functional toolkit aimed at bridging the often elusive gap between partnership aspirations and tangible outcomes. It empowers educational institutions to harness the full potential of collaboration, nurturing an environment where teachers, researchers, and students collectively thrive through shared knowledge, reflective practice, and adaptive strategy.
The significance of this work lies in its potential to reshape educational collaboration worldwide. As schools and universities confront unprecedented challenges—from digitization and shifting pedagogical paradigms to socio-economic disparities—the capacity to build and maintain vibrant partnerships becomes increasingly critical. SUP.ME offers a beacon of guidance for those navigating this demanding yet rewarding path of joint educational advancement.
By integrating observational data, ongoing reflective dialogue, and adaptive learning cycles, Sarmiento Marquez’s framework transcends traditional boundaries of partnership evaluation. It positions collaboration not merely as a strategic imperative but as a living, evolving practice anchored in trust, communication, and mutual growth. This perspective is not only innovative but essential for fostering the sustained success of educational partnerships in the 21st century.
Ultimately, the SUP.ME framework invites education professionals to embrace partnerships as reciprocal journeys of learning and innovation. It challenges institutions to reconceptualize evaluation from a retrospective checkpoint to a real-time compass guiding continuous improvement. As this approach gains traction, it promises to enhance educational ecosystems, ensuring that collaborations realize their full transformative potential.
Subject of Research: People
Article Title: Available from DOI link
Web References: http://dx.doi.org/10.60518/etera/148
Image Credits: Edna Milena Sarmiento Marquez and Tallinn University
Keywords: Educational Partnerships, School–University Collaboration, SUP.ME Framework, Collaborative Learning, Evaluation Framework, Professional Development, Educational Innovation, Reflective Practice
The first batches could reach passenger flights this month.
Across the stories today, a common thread emerges: the growing tension between our rapidly expanding digital world and the natural systems struggling to sustain it. From AI data centers planned for drought-stricken regions to coal plants getting emergency extensions, we’re witnessing the collision between technological acceleration and environmental limits.
The numbers tell a stark story. Two-thirds of new AI data centers are slated for areas already grappling with water scarcity, while these facilities demand massive amounts of both electricity and cooling water. Meanwhile, Florida’s coal plant—scheduled for retirement as part of a clean energy transition—gets an emergency lifeline to keep the lights on. It’s a reminder that progress and pressure often arrive together, forcing difficult choices between immediate needs and long-term sustainability.
The day’s coverage points to growing momentum around accountability, particularly in how we fund and regulate resource-intensive industries. Australian lawmakers are pushing for fair taxation of AI infrastructure, determined not to repeat what they see as mistakes with gas exports. North Carolina legislators face their own paradox, crafting bills that simultaneously curb data center expansion while boosting fossil fuel development. These policy tensions reflect a broader reckoning: how do we harness technological progress without overwhelming the ecosystems that support us?
Yet signs of genuine environmental recovery punctuate today’s more challenging headlines. Water voles have returned to an English nature reserve after four decades, while marine protected areas now cover 10% of the world’s oceans—a significant milestone toward the 30% goal by 2030. In Sumatra’s hills, coffee farmers like Sri Atmiatun are proving that conservation and community prosperity can grow together, restoring forests while securing livelihoods through innovative social forestry programs.
Behind the numbers are real communities adapting in real time. Alaska’s fishing industry faces uncertainty as critical ocean monitoring systems face budget cuts, while Arizona’s San Carlos Lake sits closed indefinitely after drought and dam releases killed all fish life. These aren’t abstract environmental statistics—they’re disruptions to ways of life, forcing entire communities to reimagine their relationships with changing landscapes.
The financial flows reveal where power and priorities truly lie. The world’s largest banks poured a record $906 billion into fossil fuels despite climate commitments, an 8% increase that environmental researchers call “unfathomable.” Meanwhile, China launched the world’s first wind-powered underwater data center, signaling that sustainable technology infrastructure is possible when political will aligns with innovation.
Perhaps most troubling is what we’re losing while focused on these larger battles. Wildfire smoke has erased four years of air quality progress across the United States, while sea levels are now rising at twice the rate recorded just a decade ago. Scientists are racing to record forest sounds before wild spaces fall silent—a poignant reminder that some losses can’t be reversed.
The day’s stories also illuminate the gap between good intentions and effective action. Louisiana legislators unanimously approved expanding their wood pellet industry despite the bill’s sponsor admitting he knows little about the sector. FIFA appears unprepared for wildfire smoke threats at upcoming World Cup venues. These moments reveal how quickly environmental challenges can outpace institutional readiness.
As the week unfolds, all eyes will be on whether emerging solutions—from underwater data centers to marine protection expansions—can scale fast enough to match the magnitude of the challenges. The central question remains: can we innovate our way toward sustainability, or will the pace of environmental change force more fundamental reckonings with how we live and build in a resource-constrained world?
The post Florida Coal Plant Keeps Running Past 2025 Closure, Decade of Wildfires Erases US Air Quality Gains — Today’s Environmental Briefing for Tue, Jun 9 2026 first appeared on EnviroLink Network.
Electric vehicles and other clean energy devices rely on batteries that use a metal called lithium. The expanded use of lithium has made lithium mining a rapidly growing industry. Lithium is most often found in volcanic rocks called pegmatites. Researchers have studied how much carbon and water pegmatite mining uses, but they don’t know how it affects local water quality.
Pegmatite mining releases not only lithium but also other metals commonly found in pegmatite, such as rubidium and cesium. These trace metals are under-researched in terms of their environmental effects and possible human toxicity, though the EPA has linked high levels of lithium to adverse health effects in kidney function, neurological development, and thyroid function. As such, there’s currently no established safe level for lithium in drinking water, but the U.S. Geological Survey suggests a preliminary safety level of 10 micrograms per liter (μg/L).
Researchers at Duke University recently tested how much pegmatite mining increased lithium levels in local waters, and how long those effects lingered after mining processes ended. To do so, they measured metal concentrations in waters downstream from 2 lithium mines and adjacent processing plants. They hypothesized that mining activities would increase interactions between rocks and the surrounding surface water and groundwater, impacting their lithium concentrations.
The researchers collected 99 water samples from surface streams and 93 samples from groundwater wells surrounding the Kings Mountain and Hallman Beam lithium mines, in a zone of about 40 kilometers (25 miles) along the border of South Carolina and North Carolina. The researchers took 51 surface water samples upstream of the mines to evaluate natural metal levels, and compared these with 48 downstream samples showing the mining-impacted metal levels.
The researchers measured lithium and other trace elements, like rubidium, cesium, arsenic, and strontium, in the waters using an instrument called an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. They found that lithium concentrations in the surface waters increased from a background of 0.2 to 79 μg/L to concentrations of 785 to 1,249 μg/L within 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) of the mines and processing facilities. The groundwater lithium levels were as high as 4,500 to 47,000 μg/L in the wells at the mines, but were not affected at downstream wells where lithium levels ranged from 0.5 to 890 μg/L.
They suggested that lithium in the groundwater downstream from the mines came from natural interactions of the pegmatite rocks with the water, rather than from the mines themselves. This natural process was confirmed when the researchers noticed that lithium levels in the groundwater rose after rainfall, which caused more water-rock interaction.
The researchers also measured ions like calcium, sulfate, and chloride in the waters using a tool that can analyze compound molecules, called an ion chromatograph. They found that calcium and sulfate concentrations increased in surface waters within 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) downstream of the processing facilities. These downstream waters had 50 to 120 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of calcium and 100 to 300 mg/L of sulfate, compared to 5 to 20 mg/L of calcium and 3 to 10 mg/L of sulfate in the background surface waters. These ions are also byproducts of pegmatite processing, produced from a waste product made up of calcium sulfate, called gypsum.
The team explained that active mining has been discontinued at this site for approximately 3 decades, meaning that the lithium concentrations they measured reflect the long-term release of lithium from inactive mines and mining waste. Drawing from historical data, they estimated that while the mines were active, they likely released 10 to 30 times the amount of trace metals they measured at the same location today.
The researchers concluded that hard-rock processing impacts downstream metal and ion concentrations more than the mining itself. As lithium mining operations expand, the researchers suggested that future researchers examine lithium toxicity as well as the potential effects of its co-occurring metals, like rubidium and cesium. They also emphasized the need to find solutions for removing the trace metals and dissolved gypsum from water systems, or preventing them from leaking into the water systems to begin with.
The post Lithium mining impacts local waters appeared first on Sciworthy.
Brown rot is a common fungal disease in the Southeastern United States that affects stone fruits like peaches, cherries, and plums. Monilinia fructicola is a tan, fuzzy fungus that grows on tree flowers, twigs, and fruit, and is the most common cause of brown rot. Once brown rot infects a tree, the damage is irreversible, causing significant crop losses in commercial orchards. Farmers try to control the spread of M. fructicola by applying chemical sprays, called fungicides, to fruit trees in the spring.
In M. fructicola, a biosynthesis gene named MfCYP51 encodes a major protein critical to the fungi’s survival. Certain fungicides, called demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, stop M. fructicola from growing by targeting this protein. Over the last 20 years, DMI fungicides have become less effective against brown rot as M. fructicola becomes more resistant.
Living microorganisms and their metabolites can control fungal diseases as an alternative to chemical fungicides, known as biofungicides. Many bacteria produce compounds like hydrogen cyanide and pyrrolnitrin that damage fungal cells. However, scientists have not found a biofungicide suitable for commercial production. A group of researchers at Clemson University in the USA and Huazhong Agricultural University in China set out to test whether the soil bacteria Pseudomonas chlororaphis and Bacillus subtilis could be effective biofungicides against brown rot.
The researchers performed an incubation experiment to analyze how the fungal cells make their critical protein from the MfCYP51 gene, a process called gene expression, under different fungicide treatments. They used 3 M. fructicola strains sensitive to traditional DMI fungicides and 3 resistant strains. They tested these with 5 different fungicide treatments: a DMI fungicide, a mixture of P. chlororaphis metabolites, a mixture of living B. subtilis cells, a DMI fungicide + P. chlororaphis metabolites, and a DMI fungicide + B. subtilis cells. They also set up a control treatment with sterile water instead of fungicide.
After 6 hours, the researchers extracted the molecule that measures gene expression, called RNA, from the fungi. They found that both the P. chlororaphis treatment and the DMI fungicide + P. chlororaphis treatment substantially reduced MfCYP51 expression in both the sensitive and resistant isolates compared to the controls. In contrast, the DMI fungicide, B. subtilis, and DMI fungicide + B. subtilis treatments increased MfCYP51 expression in the resistant isolates. The researchers concluded that P. chlororaphis has a unique ability to reduce gene expression, unlike other biofungicides.
To further investigate how the biofungicide treatments work, the team tested whether P. chlororaphis and B. subtilis produced the anti-fungal metabolite pyrrolnitrin. They added 1 milliliter of each treatment to a machine that separates and identifies liquid compounds using high pressure, called a high-performance liquid chromatograph. They found that the P. chlororaphis treatment contained pyrrolnitrin, so they hypothesized that it was responsible for reducing gene expression.
Additionally, the researchers tested their 5 treatments on brown rot in fruit. For each treatment, they took 10 Gala apples, washed and sterilized their surfaces, and sprayed them with the fungicides. After 24 hours, they poked holes in the apples with toothpicks and added 20 microliters of liquid containing M. fructicola cells to the poked holes. They placed the apples in a humid chamber for 5 days and measured the number and size of brown rot spots that developed on their surfaces.
Despite decreasing MfCYP51 expression, the researchers found that P. chlororaphis treatment alone didn’t reduce brown rot disease compared to the control, but the DMI fungicide and B. subtilis treatments did. The mixed treatments of DMI fungicide + P. chlororaphis and DMI fungicide + B. subtilis both reduced brown rot disease compared to the control, but only the DMI fungicide + P. chlororaphis treatment prevented it.
The researchers concluded that although biofungicides may not be fully effective on their own, commercializing them could allow farmers to use less DMI fungicide. They explained that scaling back the use of DMI fungicides would slow M. fructicola resistance. Finally, they proposed that future researchers test biofungicide mixtures containing pyrrolnitrin in the field to observe real-world effects on stone fruit trees.
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The rapid expansion of human and robotic activity in low Earth orbit makes critically important the need to implement effective space traffic management (STM). This will be one of the […]
The post The importance of determining an equilibrium state for space traffic management appeared first on SpaceNews.
Scientists have developed “living plastics” that can be programmed to break themselves down when triggered. Many plastic items are made for one-time use, but the materials can remain in the environment for years. Researchers are exploring a different approach: living plastics, materials built with microbes that can be activated to break down the polymer when [...]Over 20 million tons of polystyrene plastic are produced annually, yet only a small fraction is recycled worldwide. Current recycling methods consume large amounts of energy and often rely on harsh and toxic chemicals to break the strong molecular chains that make up polystyrene. One possible solution is the use of sulfur, which is an inexpensive byproduct formed when refining crude oil. Its unique chemical structure allows it to break up strong chemical chains in long plastic molecules. Despite its abundance, sulfur has very limited applications, and converting it into more usable forms tends to require a lot of heat, rendering it unused for long periods of time.
Researchers at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics hypothesized that sulfur could help break down polystyrene waste to form more valuable chemicals. To power this reaction, they converted sunlight into heat energy through a process called photothermal conversion. They used this heat to transform polystyrene and sulfur into valuable chemicals like 2,4-diphenylthiophene, or chemical D, and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene, or chemical T, which are used to make semiconductors and chemical sensors.
To test this, the team mixed ground polystyrene and sulfur at a molar ratio of 1:0.5 in a glass test tube. They sealed the tube with a balloon and secured it onto an iron stand. Then, they focused sunlight onto the bottom of the tube using a curved mirror. As the mixture heated up, the yellow-white solids gradually melted and transformed into a reddish-black liquid after 2 minutes. After heating, the researchers removed the mirror and allowed the system to cool before collecting the gaseous products from the balloon and dissolving the remaining solids for further purification and analysis.
The researchers then adjusted the reaction conditions to understand what factors influenced their results. They tested the reaction without sulfur, varied the sulfur ratios from 0.2 to 0.8, and replaced elemental sulfur with other sulfur-containing compounds. They also explored adding known photothermal agents, specifically metal oxide additives, to the mixture.
To compare the difference between sunlight and artificial light, the researchers repeated the experiment indoors using a 100 Watt LED bulb and monitored temperature changes with a thermal camera. They also ran a control experiment using only polystyrene to check how sulfur affected the yield under LED light. They also tested exposure times from 1 to 6 minutes in 1-minute increments to determine how long it took to achieve the highest yields under LED. The researchers used these tests to identify which conditions were necessary for the reaction to occur and how different factors influenced its outcome.
They found that without sulfur or with alternative sulfur-containing compounds, the reaction did not produce chemical D or T under sunlight. In contrast, reactions that included sulfur successfully produced these target products, with the highest yields of 34% for D and 16% for T at a sulfur ratio of 0.5. When they added metal oxides, the chemical yields decreased to 22% and 12%, respectively, suggesting that these additives interfered with the desired reactions. In addition, when the researchers switched from sunlight to LED, the reaction yields dropped to 26% for D and 13% for T.
Next, they examined how reaction time influenced product formation. They found that yields increased gradually before reaching the maximum at 4 minutes and leveling off. They also noted that mixtures containing sulfur heated up from room temperature to 320°C (608°F), while the control setup only showed a slight temperature increase. The researchers interpreted these results as confirmation of sulfur’s dual role as a reactant and a light-to-heat converter that enables the conversion of polystyrene to useful chemicals.
Taking it a step further, the researchers tested their method on real-world polystyrene wastes, including food packaging, cup lids, and foamed plastics. They successfully produced chemicals D and T from these materials, demonstrating that their process works beyond laboratory samples.
The team concluded that their study presents a simple, fast, and solvent-free approach to converting 2 abundant waste materials into valuable chemicals using sunlight. By combining polystyrene waste and excess sulfur, the researchers offer a new pathway for sustainable polymer upcycling that uses clean energy and is broadly applicable to everyday plastics.
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