Controlled solid-state crystallization with formamidinium acetate for fully vacuum-deposited perovskite solar cells
Nature Energy, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41560-026-02093-8
Vacuum-processed perovskite solar cells show promise, yet their efficiency remains limited. Xu et al. use formamidinium acetate to promote perovskite crystallization, achieving a 25.5% power conversion efficiency and 1,000βh operational stability.