The devastating floods in Nepal showed how quickly glacier collapse, unstable slopes and water can combine into a disaster. India is getting better at seeing these hazards from space. The harder task is turning that intelligence into action.

The government is asking ISRO to focus on its hardest missions while allowing the infrastructure and expertise needed for those missions to move out of its control.

The country’s environmental data is scattered across land records, satellite maps, and various government schemes. A shared digital system could connect these records, improve accountability, and protect community rights.

PM-KUSUM has turned solar power into a possible new income stream for farmers. But the scheme’s most ambitious component favours those who already have land, capital, and collateral.