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Shedding light on new type of magnetism in quantum materials

Recently, the field of magnetics has seen the proposal of a new class of magnetism called altermagnetism, which could allow advances in miniaturizing and improving RAM architecture in computers. Rice University's Ming Yi, together with collaborators Bharat Jalan of the University of Minnesota and Milan Radovic of the Paul Scherrer Institute, recently published a paper in Science Advances showing that the quantum material ruthenium dioxide potentially displays this new altermagnetism in its ultrathin-film form, in which the material is prepared as a thin slice only a few atomic layers thick.

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AI reduces sensory hallucinations, even at night or in smoke

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which process multiple types of sensory information, such as text, images and audio, at the same time, are rapidly expanding the range of applications for artificial intelligence (AI). However, in real-world environments, these models can misinterpret the physical characteristics of sensors, mistakenly identify objects or claim to hear sounds that are not actually present simply because a certain object appears in a video. These errors are known as hallucinations.

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Scientists map moon regolith to aid lunar bases

A strong foundation is key to any building, and this doesn't apply only to construction on Earth. As humanity slowly expands throughout the many worlds of our solar system, and possibly beyond, understanding planetary surfaces is key to constructing long-lasting habitats beyond Earth. Thus, it's only natural that this venture begins with our own moon, NASA's target for a permanent base at the lunar south pole. While the moon is covered by a thin layer of dust, also called regolith, engineers need to know the thickness of this regolith to identify the safest locations for future lunar habitats and buildings.

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Study advances solar desalination with multifunctional membrane

As the world's population grows and industry expands, many countries in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia are facing a freshwater scarcity crisis. Finding sustainable ways to produce clean water has become an urgent priority, and solar desalination may be one of the most promising routes available. By using sunlight to evaporate and purify seawater, this technology could serve as an efficient source of freshwater in areas facing water shortages.

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Ion pumping platform simultaneously cleans salty wastewater and recovers valuable metals

Industrial wastewater from electronics manufacturing, metal processing and other sectors often contains two difficult pollutants at once: high levels of salt and toxic heavy metals. Current treatment methods typically address those problems separately, creating costly, complex systems that can produce hazardous brines or metal-laden sludge. Now, a group of researchers at Rice University and Vanderbilt University has created an electrochemical platform that could do both jobs at once.

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Porous 3D-printed feet cut quadruped robot power use

Quadruped robots, which walk on four legs, are increasingly used for tasks such as inspection, transportation and search-and-rescue operations. However, their repeated leg movements consume far more energy than the rolling motion of wheeled robots, making it challenging to improve energy efficiency.

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Neutrons reveal how friction stir welding could strengthen steel armor | ORNL

Using neutrons at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, researchers from The Ohio State University are studying residual stress caused by friction stir welding (FSW) to reveal how to strengthen armor steel welds, like those used in military vehicles. Their findings were published in the Journal of Materials Processing Technology.

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