Artificial intelligence models are jacks of many trades, including writing, generating images, and creating 3D models. But they aren't as helpful when it comes to testing robots or designs for vehicles in diverse environments, since they don't understand physics as well as they do pixels or text.

Why do we breeze through some sentences in a book or article but have to reread others to comprehend their meaning? A team of linguists and data scientists has found a partial answer in AI—some of this processing parallels that of neural-network-based large language models (LLMs). However, other aspects of why we read this way cannot be explained by these technologies, revealing where human and AI language processing diverge and maintaining the mystery of some stages of the reading process.

Chipmakers and operating system developers have spent years building defenses. A new study from MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) shows that a key assumption behind many of them doesn't hold.

In recent years, computer scientists have developed a wide range of artificial intelligence (AI) models that can rapidly recognize patterns in data, generate content and solve other computational problems. Many of these AI systems are based on deep neural networks (DNNs), brain-inspired computational models that can make predictions based on specific data, or LLMs, models that can process human language, answer queries and generate text.

Airports could become better able to withstand major operational disruptions under a new computing system designed to keep digital services running during periods of intense pressure. Details are reported in the International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems.

Korean researchers have developed a core technology that allows multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) to reliably retain existing knowledge while repeatedly learning new information.

Quantum computing and AI are among the most rapidly developing modern technologies. AI, in the form of machine learning, has been deployed for decades to recommend movies and TV shows and make it easier to search for images. Over the past several years, large language models have permeated even more facets of daily life, from writing emails to producing images, videos and songs in response to requests expressed in a few written lines.

Researchers at the Universities of Konstanz and Stuttgart have demonstrated a new approach to computation: a computer made from a few hundred microscopic particles oscillating in a liquid. Instead of processing information through carefully fabricated electronic circuits, their system performs computations by harnessing the complex collective dynamics of interacting particles.

An international research team involving the University of Bayreuth has, for the first time, analyzed the "inner workings" of AI language models when predicting political voting decisions. To do so, the researchers examined six national elections and AI-based election forecasts and developed a new method for making more precise predictions. They presented their findings at the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2026) in Seoul, South Korea.

Artificial intelligence isn't just capable of translating between existing languages—it can also create entirely new ones.

The era of building "personalized AI" by training AI models on individual or corporate documents and data is beginning. However, while such customization can improve task performance, it can also weaken a model's existing safety safeguards. KAIST researchers have developed a core AI technology that preserves customized performance while further strengthening safety.

Giving AI a human-like memory limitation may actually help it learn language better. In their new proof-of-principle study, Abishek Thamma (University of Amsterdam) and Micha Heilbron (Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics) show that small language models equipped with a transient memory learn grammar more efficiently when trained on child-scale amounts of language input. The findings demonstrate how insights from psycholinguistics can inspire new approaches to AI learning. The findings are published in the journal Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

One of the greatest weaknesses of AI agents that read and understand vast amounts of enterprise data is "hallucination"—the generation of plausible-sounding but factually incorrect information. KAIST researchers have developed a next-generation database technology capable of understanding documents, data and relationships among entities all at once.

More than 1.5 billion people worldwide are expected to watch the 2026 World Cup finals. With that many fans scrutinizing every pass, touch and goal, FIFA is leaning on advanced computer vision technology to help referees make faster, more accurate calls on the way to crowning this year's victors.

Clarkson University researchers have developed a new mathematical tool that could make artificial intelligence systems more accurate, controllable and useful across applications ranging from image editing to drug discovery.

Combining ideas inspired by ant colonies and flocks of birds may hold the key to unlocking more effective artificial intelligence, according to a researcher at Missouri S&T. "With the way AI algorithms are currently structured, they sometimes settle on an answer that seems good enough and stop searching before finding one that may be much better," says Dr. Donald Wunsch, director of Missouri S&T's Kummer Institute Center for AI and Autonomous Systems. "It's important that we find ways to help these algorithms keep searching instead of stopping too soon. When AI is used in areas that affect people's health, safety or cost of living, the difference between good enough and great can have significant implications."

In his 1927 paper, "A law of comparative judgment," the American psychologist L. L. Thurstone proposed that when people select one option among multiple alternatives, they are picking the one that has the highest value to them, even though they cannot assign a particular number to that choice.

A single photograph contains a wealth of information, but determining 3D spatial relationships from a 2D scene is no simple task. Many attempts have been made to develop a method to reconstruct both depth and sharp color images from a single snapshot, but many struggle to deliver accurate and reliable output.

Researchers in Japan have developed quantum multi-programming auto mode, a function that automatically runs quantum programs from different users in parallel. Launched on the Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology (QIQB) quantum computer cloud service at the University of Osaka, the system reduces idle qubit resources, improves throughput and may help ease congestion in quantum cloud computing.

Research published in the International Journal of Information and Communication Technology has taken inspiration from the hunting behavior of the fish-eating bird of prey, the osprey, and combined this with inspiration from quantum computing to improve machine translation, particularly for long sentences and technical texts between Chinese and English.