Scientists have finally created what might be the only thing that can get meatheads to eat their veggies: protein lettuce.

By literally shooting pig genes into the chloroplasts of lettuce and tobacco cells, an international team of researchers were able to grow produce that contained the animal protein myoglobin, they report in a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Plant Science.

Is this the pathway to the next ridiculous protein-infused snack? (We’re looking at you, protein popcorn.) Not quite. Instead, the scientists say their findings could pave the way to weaning ourselves off of environmentally-destructive meat.

“Our study demonstrates, for the first time, that higher plants can stably produce myoglobin, one of the key proteins responsible for many of meat’s desirable properties,” study lead atuhor Alexia Groff, a plant biotechnology researcher at Imperial College London, told ScienceAlert. “This is very relevant at a time when the demand for sustainable food production platforms is greater than ever.”

To combine pig genes with plant DNA, the researchers used a machine called a biolistic particle delivery system, or a “gene gun.” The nickname is apt: it works by firing microscopic metal particles covered in genes into their target. (Biolistic, by the way, is a portmanteau of “biological ballistics.”)

The target, this time, were the chloroplasts of lettuce and tobacco seedlings. Because of their “bacterial ancestry and their high number of copies per cell,” Groff explained in a statement about the work, “chloroplasts are generally much better at making large amounts of protein than the cell nucleus.”

Their genetic bullets hit the bullseye. In followup tests, the seedlings showed they had incorporated the pig DNA into the chloroplast genome. When the plants grew into adulthood and produced seeds, their offspring still possessed the transferred genes.

In all, the lettuce and tobacco plants yielded about 800 mg and 810 mg of myoglobin protein per kilogram of their dry weight. That’s ten times less than beef, but because growing plants is far more efficient than raising animals, the tradeoff could be worth it.

“Plant cultivation is far more resource-efficient than livestock production; consequently, plant-derived myoglobin could achieve protein yields per hectare that rival — or even potentially exceed — those of animal agriculture,” the authors wrote in the study, “whilst also benefiting from substantially lower water use and greenhouse gas emissions.”

If this gets adopted at scale, these protein-infused plants could be dried up and be used to bolster the protein in plant-based meats.

Other researchers caution that the food still needs to be proven safe to eat and sustainable to produce, but are optimistic about the findings.

“This an important advance on earlier plant and algal research.  Demonstrating stable myoglobin production in plant chloroplasts, including in an edible crop, raises the possibility of using plants as scalable, low-input production platforms alongside microbial fermentation,” Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, director of the ICL’s Bezos Center for Sustainable Protein, said in a statement. “In the longer term, this could diversify how and where these ingredients are produced.”

More on lettuce: Trump’s Explosive Diarrhea Scandal Is Getting Worse and Worse

The post Scientists Genetically Engineer High-Protein Lettuce appeared first on Futurism.

Amazon billionaire Jeff Bezos and his actor buddy Leonardo DiCaprio are catching some heavy flak recently, but for a seemingly bizarre reason: pledging millions of dollars to protect 100 of the world’s most threatened animal species.

The charity initiative, called the Phoenix Species Project, was first revealed on DiCaprio’s Instagram account, where the six-time academy award nominee described it as the “largest single philanthropic initiative ever dedicated to the recovery of Critically Endangered species, across 30 countries.”

“I could not be prouder to announce this,” DiCaprio continued. “Save these species, and we protect everything around them. The forests, the rivers, and the climate itself.”

For such a seemingly altruistic venture, the response to the announcement was strikingly polarized. As the Independent noted, DiCaprio and Bezos were summarily blasted for engaging in “greenwashing,” a negative term given to the strategy employed by massive corporations and the wealthy to cover their outsize impact on the environment with a little eco-charity.

“As soon as people realize and actually feel the effects of what those rich f***s did to our planet they suddenly start their greenwashing campaign,” one Redditor wrote in response to the announcement, per the Independent.

“Uber-wealthy people helping a fraction of the problems that they cause,” another commenter lamented. “For publicity.”

It certainly wouldn’t be the first time Bezos has been accused of greenwashing, especially given the immense carbon footprint of his flagship company Amazon. In 2020, for example, the billionaire’s Bezos Earth Fund pledged $10 billion to protect biodiversity, bringing a massive amount of money to the global effort to mitigate climate change — at least on paper.

As the backlash illustrates, your reaction to the those types of efforts probably hinge on your economic and social worldview.

The haters aren’t just being petty, though. As the Journal of Political Inquiry observed, Bezos’s wealth is only possible thanks to his previous position as chief executive of one of the largest corporate polluters on the planet. Between 2020 and 2021 alone, Amazon’s carbon dioxide emissions grew by 18 percent, while his space company Blue Origin is altering the outer atmosphere in ways we’re only starting to understand.

And his empire’s carbon emissions have only skyrocketed since then, as the demand for cloud computing supersedes previous pledges to clamp down on Amazon’s extraordinary excretions of noxious pollutants.

In other words, it’s no wonder the masses are rising up in opposition to the billionaire and his actor friend — if only online, at least for now.

More on billionaires: The Type of Orbital Data Centers That Billionaires Want to Launch Into Space Would Wreak Ecological Catastrophe, Scientists Warn

The post Jeff Bezos Harshly Criticized for $200 Million Pledge to Protect the World’s Most Endangered Species appeared first on Futurism.

Cancer researchers have reported a new strategy that combines bacterial tumor targeting, nutrient deprivation and immune stimulation in a single therapeutic design. The approach uses an engineered conjugate built from L-asparaginase and flagellin, linked to a system that directs the treatment toward calreticulin-bearing cancer cells. In experiments involving Salmonella-mediated tumor therapy, the conjugate enhanced antitumor activity compared with bacterial treatment alone, according to a study published in Cell Death Discovery.

The work addresses a long-standing challenge in cancer therapy: how to make powerful treatments concentrate inside tumors while limiting damage to healthy tissues. Attenuated strains of Salmonella have attracted interest because they can preferentially accumulate in the abnormal environment of solid tumors. Tumors often contain regions with poor oxygen levels, disorganized blood vessels and local immune suppression, conditions that can support bacterial growth. Once inside these sites, therapeutic Salmonella can act as a biological delivery platform and stimulate immune responses against malignant cells.

The researchers focused on calreticulin, a protein normally found inside the endoplasmic reticulum, where it helps regulate calcium storage and protein folding. Under cellular stress, including stress caused by chemotherapy, radiation or other anticancer treatments, calreticulin can move to the outer surface of a cancer cell. There, it functions as an “eat-me” signal, alerting immune cells that the damaged cell should be engulfed. Because surface-exposed calreticulin is associated with immunogenic forms of cell death, it provides a potential molecular address for directing therapeutic agents toward stressed tumor cells.

The experimental construct combines this targeting concept with L-asparaginase, an enzyme already used in clinical oncology, especially in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. L-asparaginase breaks down circulating L-asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia. Some cancer cells, particularly those with limited capacity to synthesize their own asparagine, depend heavily on the amino acid supplied through the bloodstream. Depleting extracellular asparagine can therefore interrupt protein production, trigger metabolic stress and promote cancer-cell death. The enzyme’s effectiveness, however, can be limited by immune reactions, pharmacological instability and toxicity, making targeted delivery an important goal.

The second component, flagellin, is the structural protein that forms the filament of bacterial flagella. It is also a potent molecular signal for the innate immune system. Immune cells recognize flagellin primarily through Toll-like receptor 5, while intracellular sensing pathways can activate inflammasome components such as NLRC4. These signals can promote the release of inflammatory mediators, stimulate antigen-presenting cells and help convert an immunologically “cold” tumor into one more visible to the immune system. By incorporating flagellin into the therapeutic design, the researchers sought to make the treatment not only directly toxic to tumor cells but also capable of amplifying antitumor immunity.

The study’s central finding was that the calreticulin-targeting L-asparaginase–flagellin conjugate strengthened the antitumor effects of Salmonella-based therapy. Rather than relying on a single mechanism, the treatment brings together several forms of pressure on the tumor. Salmonella can concentrate within the tumor microenvironment, the targeting component can help associate the conjugate with calreticulin-exposing cancer cells, L-asparaginase can deprive vulnerable cells of an essential nutrient, and flagellin can activate immune surveillance. The resulting combination is designed to produce a chain reaction in which metabolic stress and immune stimulation reinforce one another.

This type of combination may be particularly valuable because tumors frequently adapt when exposed to one therapeutic pressure. A cancer cell that survives nutrient deprivation may still be eliminated if immune recognition is intensified. Likewise, an immune response that is too weak to control a tumor may become more effective when bacterial localization and enzyme-mediated damage increase the number of abnormal antigens and danger signals released by dying cells. The researchers’ findings suggest that coordinating these mechanisms can improve the performance of bacteria-assisted cancer treatment in experimental settings.

The approach also reflects a broader shift in cancer research toward programmable biological medicines. Instead of treating bacteria only as infectious threats, scientists are redesigning them as localized delivery vehicles capable of carrying enzymes, immune activators or molecular probes. The advantage is spatial: a therapeutic payload can be produced or concentrated near the tumor rather than distributed uniformly throughout the body. The challenge is equally significant. Any clinical version would need precise control over bacterial attenuation, immune activation, enzyme exposure and potential inflammation, while also demonstrating reliable performance across genetically diverse tumors.

Calreticulin targeting may provide a useful way to address some of that complexity because the protein’s appearance on the cell surface is linked to cellular stress and treatment response. However, the extent and duration of calreticulin exposure can vary between tumor types and individual patients. Future studies will need to determine which cancers are most suitable for this strategy, how calreticulin levels predict treatment response and whether the conjugate can be combined safely with established immunotherapies such as immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Researchers will also need to assess pharmacology, manufacturing consistency and the possibility of immune reactions against the bacterial or enzymatic components.

The findings position the engineered conjugate as a promising experimental platform rather than an immediately available therapy. By merging tumor-homing bacteria with a calreticulin-directed enzyme and an innate immune stimulant, the study illustrates how cancer treatments can be designed to attack malignant cells on multiple biological fronts. If the results are confirmed in further preclinical testing and eventually in carefully controlled clinical trials, this strategy could help turn Salmonella from a passive carrier into an active, multifunctional partner in cancer immunotherapy.

Subject of Research: Calreticulin-targeted L-asparaginase–flagellin conjugate used with Salmonella-mediated cancer therapy.

Article Title: Calreticulin-targeting L-asparaginase-flagellin conjugate enhances Salmonella-mediated antitumor efficacy.

Article References: Nguyen, DH., Afzal, A.R., Nguyen, P.TM. et al. Calreticulin-targeting L-asparaginase-flagellin conjugate enhances Salmonella-mediated antitumor efficacy. Cell Death Discov. (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-026-03300-x

Image Credits: AI Generated

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-026-03300-x

Keywords: cancer immunotherapy, Salmonella, calreticulin, L-asparaginase, flagellin, tumor targeting, bacterial therapy, antitumor efficacy, immunogenic cell death

To power its new West Texas data center, Amazon is investing in the construction of a new power plant that could be one of the largest single producers of greenhouse gases in the US, according to the New York Times. The new gas-burning plant in Pecos County, Texas has received significant investment from Amazon and, at least initially, would not be connected to the state's power grid. Instead, its 35 natural-gas turbines would primarily deliver its 7.65 gigawatts of electricity to the new data center.

According to Cleanview, which tracks data centers and their associated power projects, GW Ranch received a permit from Texas allowing for the …

Read the full story at The Verge.

The amount of pollution spilling out of fossil-fuel generators is astounding. In the United States, this explosion of emissions is led by states like Texas, which on a global scale is comparable only to China in terms of new infrastructure powered by dead dinosaurs.

And as more data centers crop up throughout the US, that problem — of rising emissions linked to the accelerating demand for any kind of electricity — is only going to get worse.

According to reporting by the New York Times, the US currently has at least 82 data center-linked gas generators either in development or in the proposal stage. These are massive facilities which rival public electrical generators in size and power, only they’re not managed by the government, and the power they generate isn’t meant for citizens.

Instead, these are private generators, developed by big tech companies like Mark Zuckerberg’s Meta or Elon Musk’s xAI. The electricity they’ll supply is intended only for data centers, which grow ever-hungrier for power as new iterations of AI chips and energy-hungry large language models enter into production.

Assuming all 82 of those plants come online as planned, the NYT notes they could spew enough emissions in one year to rival the output of half the passenger cars in the US.

That’s an astonishing amount of pollution, made possible thanks to industry-friendly state regulators in places like Texas and Ohio, where permits for behemoth fossil fuel fired generators are approved in as little as 18 days, often without public disclosure.

It’s possible that moratoriums on new data centers might slow the burn, but unless states begin the unlikely task of banning new gas generators for existing facilities, we can expect US fossil fuel emissions to continue to rise precipitously in the years to come.

More on data centers: The Number of Regular People Being Arrested for Protesting Data Centers Is Astounding

The post AI Data Centers Are Causing Unfathomable Amounts of Air Pollution, and It Gets Worse With Each New One They Build appeared first on Futurism.

Microplastics, which are plastic particles under 5 millimeters, are a major and growing threat in both soil and water. They damage soil fertility, disrupt nutrient cycling, harm aquatic and terrestrial life, and can move through the food chain. That makes cleaning them up an urgent priority.

Microplastics, which are plastic particles under 5 millimeters, are a major and growing threat in both soil and water. They damage soil fertility, disrupt nutrient cycling, harm aquatic and terrestrial life, and can move through the food chain. That makes cleaning them up an urgent priority.

The mission of the Flock app is quietly subversive: to encourage users to ditch their screens and explore the wonderful world of birding

On a brilliantly bright afternoon in his gallery and studio in Bolinas, a small town on the northern California coast, Keith Hansen was putting the finishing touches on a watercolor of an almost improbably flamboyant painted bunting.

With an ultra-fine sable brush, he made a few intricate additions to the cobalt blue plumage on the bunting’s head, and, satisfied with his work, slipped the watercolor into a stout binder that every few days welcomes a new addition.

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© Photograph: Nick Czap

© Photograph: Nick Czap

© Photograph: Nick Czap

Faced with another summer when wildfires have scorched millions of hectares of land and blankets of smoke have disrupted daily life nationwide, Canada is trying to limit the annual devastation.

With rising temperatures and drier conditions, fires are more likely to explode. And with more people living next to forests, the results can be catastrophic.

With rising temperatures and drier conditions, fires are more likely to explode. And with more people living next to forests, the results can be catastrophic.

London mayor points to ‘terrifying scenes’ this summer amid speculation Burnham may back Jackdaw and Rosebank projects

• Sadiq Khan: This burning summer is the proof: the voices of climate denial aren’t just delusional, they’re deadly

Sadiq Khan has called on the government to commit to revamped climate action and to reduce the UK’s reliance on oil and gas, as the UK endures a summer of drought, wildfires and heatwaves.

Writing in the Guardian, the mayor of London said that Andy Burnham’s administration must reaffirm its commitment to net zero and make clear it will continue to reduce the UK’s reliance on oil and gas “to get Britain back on track.”

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© Photograph: Yui Mok/PA

© Photograph: Yui Mok/PA

© Photograph: Yui Mok/PA

Here is yet another clue about how we are both spiritual and physical beings. The two realms are connected in mysterious and remarkable ways.

Source

Dunes and lakes as far as the eye can see

The post This Paradoxical Desert Landscape Is Filled with Fresh Water appeared first on Nautilus.

As global temperatures rise, scientists have largely assumed that mountain tree species will move uphill in search of cooler conditions. A new study published in Nature Climate Change reveals a more complex reality: Some tree species are moving uphill, while others are shifting downhill, and the key to understanding these contrasting responses lies in how trees manage water.

Residents of Fort Wayne, Indiana may have to say goodbye to over four acres of federally protected wetland — at least if Google has its way.

New reporting by local publication WANE revealed that a company called Hatchworks LLC, a data center developer for the tech giant, is looking to fill in several acres of federal wetlands as part of the third phase of “Project Zodiac,” a $2 billion hyperscale data center project.

As WANE reports, Hatchworks submitted an application to purchase 4.26 acres of forested wetland outside of Fort Wayne. Of that, about 2.13 acres of the land may soon be paved over to build three new buildings, as well as a labyrinth of waste water pipes and electrical infrastructure.

Granted, four acres isn’t the largest footprint in the world — that’s roughly the size of your average Walmart supercenter — but if the application proceeds, it would nonetheless see a private company hoovering up protected land for the sake of wealth accumulation.

And if state authorities decide to go ahead with the data center campus, it would be permanently carving up a slice of Indiana’s all-important floodplains. These wetlands serve many valuable functions, not just as home for diverse plant and animal life, but also as a natural basin for rainwater, protecting nearby communities from flooding and soil erosion.

Much of the incoming data center campus would occupy a parcel of pre-paved farmland, likely geoengineered from its original wetland long ago. Rather than color within those lines, Google’s Hatchworks would rather stick to its original design plans, explaining in its filing with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management that it’s simply impossible to avoid shellacking the marshland.

“It was determined that meeting the project purpose and completely avoiding water resources was not feasible,” the filing reads. “Priority was placed upon avoiding as much of the large woodlots… as possible. Given these constraints, and the required layout and dimensions of the data center buildings, it is not possible to accommodate the development without impacts to the woodlot containing [the wetlands].”

“Environmental stewardship is central to our data center design. Our engineers have intentionally designed the layout of our Fort Wayne campus to avoid more than 75 percent of regulated wetlands — preserving over 32 acres of the highest-quality forested land on the property,” a Google spokesperson said after this story was first published. “To address minimal impacts across approximately nine acres, we’re providing over 18 acres of mitigation credits for a 2-to-1 net gain in conserved and restored wetlands in Allen County and across Indiana.”

The proposal will soon go to a virtual public hearing before it’s approved, though developers already have an anticipated start date of September 14. Given that previous phases of the Google campus are already completed, it’s hard to imagine Indiana officials will prevent the bulldozers from rolling in — though with enough public backlash, anything is possible.

More on data centers: Meta’s AI Data Center Caught Leaking Deadly Bacteria Into Water Town Uses for Irrigation

The post Google Data Center Announces Plans to Pave Over Protected Wetlands appeared first on Futurism.

A Massachusetts man is feeling some buyer’s remorse after securing a $5.5 million mortgage on a mansion poised to fall into the Cape Cod Bay.

The man, John Bonomi Jr, first made headlines five years ago when he purchased the sprawling 5,817-square-foot estate against warnings from area conservationists, who advised that the beach was eroding at a rate of six feet per year as rising sea levels take their toll.

Bonomi’s house, meanwhile, sat just 12 to 14 feet away from the rapidly-disappearing escarpment — and that was 2021.

Fast forward half a decade, and the situation — not to mention the mansion’s foundation — has only deteriorated as the continual lashing of ocean waves takes its toll. According to the Boston Globe, Bonomi is now trying to recoup his costs by filing suit against JP Morgan Chase, the bank that originally serviced his ill-fated mortgage.

As for his legal strategy, the property owner is essentially pleading insanity, saying that he was “acting under an uncontrollable manic psychosis at the time” he agreed to the terms of the mortgage. It’s a fascinating argument, especially because Bonomi has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder.

“No rational person… would have considered purchasing the Property, and certainly not at the full asking price,” the suit argues. “It is a recognized diagnostic fact that a symptom of bipolar disorder is irrational risk-taking and impulsive behavior, including reckless spending.”

While Bonomi may have a point — it’s astonishing that JP Morgan Chase gave him the green light, mental health episode or not — it remains to be seen whether the courts agree.

According to the Globe, the bank originally lobbied to get the case dismissed. It answered Bonomi’s filings in May, however, saying that, “to the extent a response is required, Chase denies the allegations contained therein and leaves Plaintiff to his proofs.”

More on housing: Family Horrified When They’re Forced to Sell Their Beloved Home to Make Way for AI Data Centers

The post Man Sues Bank for Being Stupid Enough to Give Him a Mortgage Even When Experts Were Warning Him It Was About to Fall Into the Ocean appeared first on Futurism.

Move to raise levy on goods made with polysilicon aims to protect domestic US supply chains from China, the major producer

Donald Trump has ordered a new 15% tariff on imported products made of polysilicon, an important ingredient in microchip manufacturing that is primarily produced by China.

The new tariff, which will take effect on 4 December, is aimed at supporting US chip and solar panel supply chains to compete with Beijing on artificial intelligence and energy.

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© Photograph: AFP/Getty Images

© Photograph: AFP/Getty Images

© Photograph: AFP/Getty Images

Move to raise levy on goods made with polysilicon aims to protect domestic US supply chains from China, the major producer

Donald Trump has ordered a new 15% tariff on imported products made of polysilicon, an important ingredient in microchip manufacturing that is primarily produced by China.

The new tariff, which will take effect on 4 December, is aimed at supporting US chip and solar panel supply chains to compete with Beijing on artificial intelligence and energy.

Continue reading...

© Photograph: AFP/Getty Images

© Photograph: AFP/Getty Images

© Photograph: AFP/Getty Images

Arizona honeysweet survives brutal heat by cooling its leaves below desert air.