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We talk with astronaut Michael Foale about the 1997 Space Station Mir crisis: 'He took all the blame of the collision on his shoulders'
All systems are go! PBS just launched the second episode of its "Once Upon a Time in Space" miniseries on Tuesday, titled "The Russian Thing," and we’ve got an exclusive clip from the harrowing chapter that focuses on near disasters aboard the Space Station Mir in 1997.
In addition to the video, we’re also proud to share an exclusive interview with NASA's celebrated British-American astronaut Michael Foale, who is featured prominently in the new segment regarding the infamous cargo pod collision on Mir, which caused a decompression incident that became a life-threatening crisis.
Hailing from British filmmaker James Bluemel and his crew that delivered the award-winning "Once Upon a Time in Northern Ireland," "Once Upon a Time in Space" is a 4-part exploration of human spaceflight. Its weekly episodes trace pivotal events in spacefaring history via the personal experiences of astronauts, cosmonauts, and loved ones left on Earth from the birth of the Space Shuttle program to the blossoming of today’s commercial spaceflight industry.
"James Bluemel is a very perceptive director, and he was different from others that have interviewed me," Foale tells Space.
"What I loved about his method was he would dig up clips from our training or at different points when I was a brand new astronaut, looking really young and had a surfer boy haircut. I love windsurfing. He would dig up clips I don't know where from. And then he'd show it to you, and then he'd say, 'What do you think?'"
Foale — a distinguished veteran of six space missions who retired in 2013 — takes us back to that day of May 25, 1997, when a manual docking maneuver caused an unmanned Progress cargo ship to collide with Mir, ripping a large hole in the Russian space station’s Spektr module.
The crew’s valiant attempt to halt the pressure leak and save the station is like something straight out of a Hollywood thriller. With only 23 minutes of oxygen left, Foale and cosmonauts Vasily Tsibliev and Alexander ‘Sasha’ Lazutkin were able to repair the damage and stop the tumbling spacecraft from spinning wildly out of control.
"The root cause of the accident was trying to save money," he explains. "And the root cause was an attempt to do a manual docking from a large distance longer than any cosmonaut or astronaut does a manual docking from and doing it without the radar. The radar was built in Ukraine and cost $2 million in that timeframe. And the Russian managers did not want to pay Ukraine $2 million.
"So someone in the Energia corporation — they're the guilty company — decided they would try and get this crew at the last minute to try and do a manual rendezvous and docking without the radar from about a six-kilometer starting point. And that test was with a Progress we'd already filled up with trash and was meant to be de-orbited into the Pacific Ocean. Before it was going to be de-orbited finally, it was going to do this test."
Unfortunately, that test went horribly wrong due to Vasily Tsibliev not being able, based on measurements he could make in real time, to determine the exact closing velocity of the Progress.
"He couldn't ascertain distance very well, but you need the distance first, and then you need to divide by time to get the velocity,” notes Foale. “That was not possible in that situation and never attempted again. It caused a much higher velocity than Vasily could extinguish using the one thruster set that were turned on the Progress.
"So it bounced off, literally bounced off after crumpling part of the Spektr module and bending one of the solar arrays. The joint cracked at the base of the solar array into the module, and that's where the unseen hole is or was. And that's where the air was leaving from. It was a multiple hit that caused it to float away. And we were told as a crew about three days later, because we asked what had happened to it. They said, 'Well, engine was capable of being fired. It was capable of reorienting itself, and it de-orbited into the Pacific.'"
In the aftermath of the collision, an adapter was sent up to try and connect power back from the Spektr module into the Mir system.
"Vasily and Sasha were planned to do an internal spacewalk into the Spektr module to get to those cables that Sasha and I had had to disconnect to save the station," Foale adds. "They were going to go back in during an internal EVA. Vasily, because of the stress of the event, didn't pass the medical test done before the spacewalk, and they wire you up for a heart monitor.
"So then a day later, a call came up from the head of the program, Valery Ryumin, saying, 'Oh, Michael, you're on the radio. I'm going to ask you, would you be willing to go in and do the spacewalk inside the Spektr module instead of Vasily?'", remembers Foale. "I just knew that that was going to create a huge issue with me and Vasily because it was so humiliating for him. And he took all the blame of the collision on his shoulders, which was unfair."
Foale retired from NASA and space travel after a brilliant 30-year career with the agency and six space shuttle missions, but the lifestyle adjustment was a bit troubling at first.
“That was a depressing moment when I was being told, 'Oh, you're done,'" he shares. "I knew I couldn't survive the envy of my astronaut colleagues who are younger than me and haven't flown but once or twice. So I knew I was kind of done in space, at least with NASA. I was dreaming of being an astronaut guide like Peggy Whitson or Michael Lopez-Alegria on an Axiom mission. Those were my daydreams initially. I miss space, but I’ve found other things to replace that fun.
“I've always been turned on emotionally and romantically by soaring and flying. So living in Texas amongst the mountains with fantastic stars every night and soaring here, it's not space. It's not in a spacesuit outside the Mir looking at it, but it's pretty cool. I do go back to a much more comfortable situation in the evening, and I do ride my bike.
"As a 69-year-old now, I have a pretty good late-life pastime. But you have to make do. And hey, you have to keep telling yourself you're one of the luckiest guys around. I would say I was naively optimistic about the international collaboration in space. The show that James Bluemel has put together, "Once Upon a Time in Space," in some ways it looks like a fairytale to me when I look back on it."
"Once Upon a Time in Space's" "The Russian Thing" episode aired on July 21, 2026, at 9:00 p.m. ET on PBS, PBS.org, and the PBS app, with the final two chapters coming on July 28 and Aug. 4.
