IDC analyst Francisco Jeronimo said something interesting following the iPhone Duo introduction on Wednesday: “Apple showed up years after everyone else, yet it walks in and sets the rules.”

He’s right. From the IP resistance to the little touches that set the new foldable apart from most of the competition, Apple has set expectations for the entire market, and while competitor Samsung is trash talking the foldable, even it stands to benefit from the millions Apple is about to sell. Apple is, after all, allegedly paying Samsung $250 for each iPhone Duo display.

But it is not just the rules concerning foldables the company has now defined; it has also set the standard competitors must follow in chip design with its A20 Pro, a super-powered processor that delivers noticeable performance improvements even compared to last year’s iPhone 17. 

What’s new in the chip?

With six CPU cores, seven GPU cores and a new Dual 16-core Neural Engine, the new chip boasts numerous improvements compared to the A19 Pro, not the least of which is that it’s the first 2nm chip Apple has put inside a smartphone. These enhancements bestow it with a series of superlatives:

• Memory bandwidth is 50% higher than last year’s chip.
• GPU graphics performance increases up to 40% over the A19 Pro.
• AI performance is expected to double.

These are all significant improvements that make for noticeable experience boosts for anyone using one of these phones. Prosaically, I anticipate first reviews will celebrate how fast and responsive these devices are, and this will be most evidenced in tasks such as video capture and photography. Pictures will capture more swiftly, open faster, and edit features will become (and already are) more advanced and sophisticated than before. Apple spent ample time celebrating the iPhone 18 Pro series for the new frontiers in digital photography they open up, and not just because of the new reflexive lens.

The point is that the devices have the horsepower to get through computationally intensive tasks, including AI, thanks to the Neural Engines and GPU.

Thermal management is the icing on the quake

What those tasks have in common is heat, which Apple’s product designers have addressed in two critical ways: liquid cooling and processor design.

The processor design is the important thing, because in this case Apple has moved away from the InFO POP packaging of the A19 Pro in which the DRAM is stacked above the chip. It’s now embraced a side-by-side design it described as “inspired by” M-series Apple Silicon.

That works because placing both components alongside each other, rather than in a perpetual embrace, reduces the overall temperature of both by putting a little space between them. As Apple explained it, this Wafer-level Multi-Chip Module (WMCM) approach means the memory gets out of the way of the processor, allowing the latter to make direct contact with the vapor chamber cooling system.

In layman’s terms, it means both memory and chip can perform more intensively while being more efficiently cooled, a move that helps Apple’s iPhone meet those astonishing performance achievements. The vapor chamber is also bigger, made of new material with three times the surface area of before, making it even better at cooling the device.

It also means Apple has achieved a lot of things competitors have not, most particularly in packaging, the use of 2nm chips in a mass market product, and overall design.

That’s where it gets interesting. Both Qualcomm and MediaTek now plan to follow in Apple’s footsteps with the adoption of 2nm chips and side-by-side packaging.

Digitimes suggests it is a move others will follow, as vendors work furiously to ensure their hardware can run AI effectively on device, which iPhones already do. Apple, of course, already knows its Macs, iPhones, and iPads have been designed from the ground-up to support on-device AI as it works to provide the world’s best mass market platforms for secure and private use of the tech.

Friends don’t let friends bet against Apple

All the same, even at the microprocessor level, it’s hard to ignore that where Apple goes, others follow — even while where others go, Apple frequently follows later, but seems to do it better. It has never been a company to bet against, after all. People really should stop doing that.

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Qualcomm is taking an unusual approach to the launch of its next-generation premium Snapdragon mobile platform this year. Instead of holding everything for its annual Snapdragon Summit in Maui happening later this month, the company has been methodically disclosing the architecture that will power the next wave of flagship Android phones over the past couple of weeks.

First, the company disclosed its new Oryon CPU architecture, followed by a major overhaul of its Adreno GPU. Today, Qualcomm is detailing the next-generation Hexagon NPU that will serve as the platform’s primary AI engine.

Taken together, the disclosures give us a pretty good picture of where Qualcomm is going before we even know the chip’s official name.

There is obviously a strong performance story here, anchored by a 5GHz CPU, but the more interesting theme running through the architecture is memory locality and specialized AI acceleration. Qualcomm is trying to keep more data close to the compute resources that need it, while distributing AI workloads across the CPU, GPU and NPU.

These architectural changes are important as the company continues to drive on-device AI beyond relatively simple generative features toward more persistent, agentic workloads.

Oryon hits 5GHz, bolstered by FlexCache

Qualcomm disclosed in August that its next Oryon CPU will be the first mobile CPU to reach 5GHz. The eight-core design includes two 5GHz Prime cores and six Performance cores, with Qualcomm attributing the frequency gains to its fully custom Oryon microarchitecture, an in-house Arm-based CPU design that gives the company full control over the cores, cache and memory hierarchy, branch prediction and CPU subsystem.

The 5GHz headline is certainly going to get attention. However, Qualcomm’s new FlexCache architecture may ultimately have a larger impact on sustained performance. FlexCache allows Oryon’s Prime and Performance cores to tap into the same shared cache pool, with capacity dynamically allocated based on the workload. So rather than a demanding core being limited to a fixed slice of cache, it can draw on more of the available pool when needed. This keeps larger working data sets close to the CPU cores and reduces high-latency trips out to system memory.

This approach should benefit everything from gaming and multitasking to content creation, but it also aligns well with agentic AI workloads, where tasks may move through several stages of processing and across different CPU cores. The basic goal is straightforward: keep the CPU fed and avoid expensive trips to external memory.

Qualcomm’s next-gen Adreno GPU adds dedicated AI engines

Qualcomm’s next disclosure focused on graphics, where the company is making one of the more significant changes to its Adreno GPU engine in recent years. The new GPU adds dedicated Adreno Matrix Cores for running AI models directly inside the graphics pipeline. They’re paired with 18MB of Adreno High-Performance Memory, or HPM, which provides low-latency local storage for tile-based rendering, frame buffers and GPU compute.

Qualcomm claims HPM provides a 12% power improvement compared to its previous-gen Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5.

The more visible feature for users, however, may be Adreno Neural Fusion, which combines AI super resolution, neural processing and frame generation in a unified graphics pipeline. There are obvious parallels here to what NVIDIA, AMD and others are doing with neural rendering on the PC, though Qualcomm’s next-gen Snapdragon SoC has to operate within a much tighter mobile power envelope.

Qualcomm claims enabling Neural Fusion reduces power consumption by up to 40% in its internal testing using the company’s Dragon Alley graphics demo. That’s an impressive number, though as always, we’ll want to see how the technology behaves across actual shipping games and devices before drawing any definitive conclusions.

Qualcomm has also helped integrate Neural Fusion technology into Unity and Unreal Engine, which may ultimately be just as important as the underlying hardware. Developer adoption determines whether features like this become meaningful platform advantages or just another tick box on a spec sheet.

Qualcomm’s Hexagon NPU is being reworked for agentic AI

The most recent disclosure centers on Qualcomm’s Hexagon NPU, where the broader architecture starts to come together. The company’s next-generation Hexagon introduces a new Element Accelerator designed for transformer workloads, alongside its existing vector and scalar processing resources. Qualcomm says the new block is optimized for fast action loops, key-value (KV) cache acceleration and context lengths of up to 32K.

Hexagon is also getting 50% more shared memory, and again, that memory complement is important. Model state, context and KV-cache data can generate substantial memory traffic, particularly with larger language models. Keeping more of that data close to the NPU can reduce latency and power consumption. Qualcomm says the architecture is designed for long-context reasoning, multimodal models, concurrent agents and low-latency action loops.

For INT4 quantized models, the company claims up to a 50% improvement in pre-fill performance versus its previous-generation Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5. Qualcomm is also targeting Mixture-of-Experts, or MoE, models as large as 30 billion parameters. In its example, the company points to a 30B model that activates only about 3 billion parameters during a given token-generation step. That selective approach is a natural fit for the tight power and memory constraints of a handset.

Qualcomm isn’t suggesting that a smartphone will simply run a 30B dense model entirely from DRAM, however. By activating only the experts needed for a particular task, MoE architectures can dramatically reduce active compute and memory bandwidth requirements, potentially making much larger classes of AI models practical on mobile hardware.

Qualcomm’s next-gen Snapdragon mobile impact

There is a larger competitive story here as well. For years, flagship smartphone competition largely came down to CPU, GPU, modem performance and power efficiency. AI is now another major area of differentiation, and Qualcomm is clearly designing its next-gen Snapdragon mobile platform around this need.

Apple has the advantage of controlling its silicon, operating system and software stack end-to-end. MediaTek continues to push aggressively into premium Android devices as well. Qualcomm’s response is to make its custom Oryon CPU, Adreno GPU and Hexagon NPU work more like a fully integrated compute platform, tuned for modern AI and agentic workloads.

This is a solid advantage for Android handset OEMs because many don’t have the resources to engineer this level of silicon integration themselves. Qualcomm can effectively provide its Android OEM partners, including Samsung, Xiaomi, Honor and others, with a common hardware foundation for on-device AI, advanced graphics and agentic computing. It also gives Qualcomm another way to defend its premium Snapdragon position.

The company’s custom Oryon architecture now spans smartphones and Windows PCs, and soon servers, while AI acceleration is distributed across its CPU, GPU and NPU. For business users, that could mean more AI processing happens locally, reducing cloud and network dependence, improving response times and keeping more potentially sensitive data on-device. And for IT organizations, Qualcomm now has an opportunity to provide a more consistent AI compute foundation across Windows PCs with Snapdragon X and premium Android handsets.

There is still plenty we don’t know, however. Qualcomm hasn’t disclosed the complete SoC specifications, final performance or power characteristics, or which devices will ship with it initially. Many of these AI experiences will also depend heavily on Android, app developers and the models themselves.

The new 5GHz mobile CPU may generate the biggest headline at Snapdragon Summit, but the more important developments may be what sit around it: more local memory, specialized AI acceleration and tighter integration between the CPU, GPU and NPU.

If Qualcomm can translate this architecture into better sustained performance, enhanced power efficiency and useful on-device AI experiences, it could strengthen its position in premium Android phones while putting more competitive pressure on Apple. For business users, the payoff could be more capable local AI without sacrificing the performance and battery life expected of a flagship device.

That is the part I’ll be watching most closely when the complete silicon picture is unveiled at Snapdragon Summit later this month. And I may even get some hands-on time with it in some benchmarks, as we have in years past, so we shall see.

Twenty-five years ago, I sat near the front of the room while then-Apple CEO Steve Jobs rolled out Apple’s digital hub strategy, a vision in which the Mac would become the central manager of all manner of portable digital devices.

Now, a quarter of a century later, nearly all of those digital devices have become features on your iPhone, and the arrival of AI means the iPhone has become the intelligent personal hub, the central manager of, well, of you. Apple’s new CEO, John Ternus, went straight for the concept in his important opening remarks at Wednesday’s big iPhone launch, where nearly all the pre-event speculation came true.

The intelligent personal hub

“As we look ahead, we see a future filled with enormous discovery and transformation,” Ternus said at the Surprise and Shine event. “AI makes entirely new kinds of experiences possible. An AI can become even more useful when it brings together your life with the apps, services, and products you use every day. And this means the product at the center of your experiences becomes even more essential — what I like to think of as an intelligent personal hub.”

(To be clear: He’s talking about the iPhone.)

Think about it: all those tasks you now do on your iPhone are tasks AI can help you with. Siri AI lets you work on files and folders using spoken commands, while contextual AI lets you sift through all the data once gathered by your iPhone to do things, make things, create networks, or even organize luncheon. 

“It’s the intersection of broad new capability, and a deep understanding of your personal context that makes this idea so powerful,” Ternus explained.

AI’s brave new world

That’s the context within which Apple will be introducing all its future products, a battle the company now feels confident marching into now that it appears to have resolved its historical challenges with AI. At the same time, the company also seems to be doing its best to lean into privacy — enabling life-changing AI transformation of daily lives while putting a brake on scary privacy attacks. This is going to be foundational to what happens next at Apple.

Of course, you’re not reading this to look too deeply into what Ternus said about the future of Apple; you’ll also want some insight into the slew of devices the company introduced at its event. That list includes the:

• iPhone Duo — the long-anticipated folding iPhone, which is finally here (or rather, will be here in October).
• iPhone 18 Pro and Pro Max — the next important evolutions of what was once Apple’s highest-end iPhone range.
• AirPods 5 — now with even better tech, at the same price as before.
• Apple Watch Series 12 and Apple Watch Ultra 4 — the latest iterations of the company’s popular wearables.

The big surprise? Price

For some, the biggest surprise in these introductions was price. All of the accessories were kept at the same price as last year’s equivalents, while the new Pro iPhones came in at only $100 more for the entry-level model, rising to around $300 more at the more price-resistant highest end. An iPhone 18 Pro Max equipped with the max 2TB storage comes in at $2,499 compared to the $1,199 iPhone 18 Pro entry point. 

When it came to price, though, all eyes were certainly on the iPhone Duo, and Apple has given everyone (except competitors) a pleasant surprise on that. 

With a starting price of $1,999, the folding phone’s price hit the low end of expectations, and while that grows to an eye-watering $3,199 with 2TB of storage, it compares well with the market leader, Samsung. While the Galaxy Z Fold 8 begins at $1,899, in terms of features and design, Apple’s folding phone lines up with the Galaxy Z Fold 8 Ultra, which costs from $2,099. 

Dig a little deeper and you’ll see that while the iPhone has IP68-rated dust and water resistance, the Samsung equivalent has only IP48. You can drop the Fold 8 into five feet of water for up to half an hour and it should be OK, but you can chuck your iPhone Duo in almost twenty feet of water, and it should survive. Though you probably shouldn’t test that unless you’re a hugely successful “influencer” already generating a small nation state of money through clicks. If that’s you, good for you. I’m only slightly envious. 

A productivity powerhouse?

What that suggests is that the iPhone is less likely to get damaged and is better engineered, though it’s also ever so slightly thicker. Apple’s device is powered by what the company modestly described as the most powerful mobile processor on the planet — which it is, particularly for the AI tasks all the new iPhones can handle. That matters, particularly for applied contextual AI deployed across daily lives.

It also matters because the combination turns Apple’s device into a mobile productivity powerhouse, one that I think will likely affect iPad sales more than anything else. Though this wouldn’t be the first time a new Apple release ended up eating its siblings. 

The productive possibilities of Apple’s premium device will also be realized as app developers embrace both the form factor and Siri AI. Apple said during the keynote that more than 300,000 apps already work with Siri AI and more than 2.5 billion Siri requests are being made each day. That latter number will only grow now that Siri performance has been dramatically improved. 

While this argument applies to all Apple’s new devices, the fact of the matter is that you now have an iPad-sized object you can carry in your pocket that is capable of doing some really powerful tasks by spoken command alone. That’s the iPhone Duo – a product of an unexplored territory at the crossroads between mobile computing, daily digital existence, and the opportunities of AI.

It’s not for everyone, yet

I don’t expect the Duo will be for everyone; the vast majority of users won’t be spending $2,000 on a phone. But we know that the cost of technologies like this tends to decline, which suggests that in perhaps five years’ time, it will be possible to create equivalent devices for a much lower price. Right now, it’s for affluent Apple consumers, C-class executives, students, AI pros, medical professionals and others who might actually need this kind of performance and display space to get things done.

This, incidentally, is precisely the same group of people that first embraced the iPad when it appeared, turning that into the world’s best-selling tablet.

What might this mean for Apple? 

I traded a few messages with IDC analyst Francisco Jeronimo, who sees it like this: “Apple entered the foldable market and, in one keynote, set the price and the standard every rival will now be measured against.”

He also pointed out, the iPhone Duo is “…a direct test of whether Apple can use design, ecosystem integration and premium positioning to reshape a segment that has so far remained selective.” 

He’s right, of course, but Ternus also just defined what that segment, and the industry, is driving for. I’s the same thing Apple was aiming at 25 years ago. “iPhone sits at the center of an amazing ecosystem of intelligent features and experiences that work seamlessly across the products you use every day,” the company said — an “intelligent personal hub.” And the Macs are all right, too.

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We’re hurtling toward the loss of something big. Finally, after months of speculation, Apple is about to introduce its first-ever folding smartphone. And once it does, the conversation will change as the annual iPhone rumor season is replaced with the reality of whatever Apple unveils.

Except, it won’t quite be the same as in the past. Because no sooner will new Apple CEO John Ternus finish his iPhone announcement keynote speech tomorrow than the speculation will shift to next year’s 20^th-anniversary iPhone, what’s coming to the iPhone 18 and e-series iPhones, and expectations around Apple’s upcoming wave of smart home products, including health and home security services. There’s a lot going on.

Meet John Ternus

Having a lot going on is one of the prime expectations of Apple under its new boss. A family man with a wife and kids, he’s led Apple’s hardware division for five years after an eight-year stint running hardware engineering. He joined the company in 2001 and is described as a highly competent, hugely talented, and modest by nature. 

His hobby is quite revealing — he drives race cars, is a regular at California’s Laguna Seca Raceway, and owns an incredibly rare 2019 Porsche 935. To me it suggests a calm, competent, individual with excellent mental and physical reflexes who can make life or death decisions at speed. He’s also deeply committed to good product design.

He’ll need that calm embrace of speed and adrenaline to manage the company his predecessor, Tim Cook, led to become the world’s most valuable firm. 

A hard act to follow

He’s also got a hard act to follow, as while Cook had to carve out his reputation in the shadow of Steve Jobs, Ternus must sculpt his own destiny in the shadow of Cook, who managed to make shareholders of record in 2011 around 20 times richer by the time he quit. (Apple stock rose from $13.74 per share on a split adjusted basis to $319.97 per share today.)

While Cook was frequently criticized for not being a product guy, he presided over the launch of the Apple Watch, AirPods, Apple Silicon, and the Vision Pro, and helped grow Apple’s services income to become its second-biggest product category, diversifying Apple’s revenue and creating financial stability. That’s no easy task.

Building his own team

Can Ternus improve on that? He’s certainly being positioned as someone who can. His deep experience in hardware has led to expectations that Apple will double down on product under his watch, so a great deal is expected of him in consequence. He is also putting together a hardware-focused team, including Laura Legros, former vice president of hardware engineering, as a direct report.

What will we see of this tomorrow? To be fair, while he will lead the announcement on the keynote stage, development of this first tranche of products took place under the leadership of Cook, and while Ternus will have had a big hand in development, this year’s Apple event should be seen as a moment of transition. 

“I’m just as excited about what lies beyond that, including the incredible products already in the works and the ones we haven’t even imagined yet that we’ll dream up and create together. There’s no team in the world I’d rather build the future with,” Ternus told Apple staff in his first memo as CEO.

It’s what Apple does in the next couple of years that will truly define the new leadership. He’s literally been CEO for a week!

What to expect on Sept. 9

Here’s my TL; DR list:

• First folding iPhone: Apple’s response to folding devices from Samsung, Google, Huawei, Xiaomi. It’s expected to have a highly durable, near invisible hinge and a powerful 2nm A20 chip around 20% more performant than the 17 series devices; Touch ID; a 48MP camera; and be able to unfold from a 5.5-in. to a 7.8-in. display. Potentially called iPhone Ultra, some predict it might be the “iPhone Duo” or “iPhone Fold.” It’s likely to cost $2,000+.
• iPhone 18 Pro series: Equipped with a fantastic new display, smaller Dynamic Island, 48MP main camera, and telescopic lens and supported by a fresh tranche of pro-photography features, the 18 Pro/Pro Max range will also use A20 chips. Both the fold and Pro devices will carry significantly more RAM, enabling them to handle on-device AI tasks. Apple is expected to introduce the iPhone 18, iPhone Air 2, and iPhone 18e devices at a spring 2027 event. Prices on all iPhones are expected to increase by $100 or more, depending on model.
• Apple Watch Series 12, Apple Watch Ultra 4: While Apple is thought to be working on new designs for next year, this year’s models will — for the first time in years — include an improved processor, better networking, and more accurate heart monitors. A model with a ceramic body is expected, while the devices will be equipped with additional storage, and integrated satellite emergency features. 
• AirPods 5: Earlier speculation about cameras inside AirPods remains, but these aren’t expected at the launch. Instead, Apple’s AirPods 5 will be boosted with a new H3 Wireless Chip for better voice isolation, noise cancellation, and spatial audio. They may also provide some basic health monitoring features with a built-in temperature sensor and heart rate monitoring.
• Smart home products: Apple is still expected to introduce additional products for smart homes, including an Apple TV with a faster processor and SiriAI support, a HomePod mini upgrade, and — potentially — a new home hub. The latter could effectively be a combination of an iPad with a HomePod to run apps, control smart devices, take and make calls, and run Siri.

Finding the next big thing

While all these products are important to the company, the smart home devices should demand attention (if they appear at all), as the indicators suggest Apple intends to explore the smart home space with a range of future hardware, including domestic robotics, security services, and smart devices. This hardware proliferation in new markets could end up becoming one of the hallmarks of Ternus’ Apple leadership, as will Apple’s AR spectacles (once they are introduced). 

Equally, it cannot be ignored that one of Ternus’ main tasks since becoming vice president of hardware has been the introduction of new Macs and the transition to Apple Silicon. So he’ll be expected to strike a balance between improving Apple’s traditional product lines while racing his company toward new and emerging opportunities in hardware. (I believe Apple should pay much more attention to the enterprise space within that.) 

Apple’s little AI problem

The biggest challenge to all of this will be Apple’s success in implementing AI that’s good enough to get things done while avoiding the unexpected dangers of poor implementation. We don’t want AI agents corroding smart home security, for example, which is why Ternus seems likely to maintain Cook’s focus on security and privacy as enabling technologies to support trusted hardware/software product designs.

Another thing? Tomorrow’s keynote will likely begin with the single word, “Hello,” and feels very likely to also include that classic Apple keynote line, “…One more thing.”

We’ll find out more as the conversation moves from speculation to reality after the 10am (PT) keynote.

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Apple continues work to get White House go-ahead to source memory from Chinese supplier CXMT, which the US government has placed restrictions on.

For Apple, the issue comes down to simple math. With the cost of making iPhones up 38% because of eye-watering memory price increases — up almost 7-fold since the beginning of 2025 — it makes sense to make pragmatic choices when it comes to sourcing supply, particularly when other computer companies (including HP and Acer) already obtain memory from CXMT.

US resistance to the plan is that because of the way Apple packages memory on chip, the use of that memory might partly contravene the technology transfer restrictions the US has in place. Note: use of off-the-shelf components is fine.

Apple has been lobbying to use memory from the supplier only on devices made and sold in China and would likely argue this is reasonable given that both HP and Acer already use CXMT memory in products sold outside the US. 

Why it’s really about supply

The iPhone maker’s dilemma isn’t just about memory price, it’s also about ensuring it has enough component supply to satisfy demand for its products. This is plausibly a bigger challenge for the company, which is already warning of constrained supply because of lack of available memory. Samsung, Micron, and SK Hynix have allegedly already sold through all their DRAM production for 2027, which only sharpens Apple’s case to secure alternate sources.

With that in mind, it matters that China consumes around 20% of all Apple hardware sold globally. All the company needs is the go-ahead to use RAM from CXMT in those Chinese-made, China-sold devices.

That alone would effectively grow its usable memory supply by the same amount, because the non-restricted memory it currently has to use in Chinese-market products could be freed up for devices sold elsewhere, with CXMT covering the China-sold units instead.

With demand for its products accelerating —even amid a broad industry downturn — Apple really wants to make sure it has enough of the component to meet demand. Those powerful, on-premises 1.5TB RAM-equipped M7 Ultra Mac Studio AI clusters won’t exist unless it’s possible to find memory to put inside them.

The timeline challenge

The proposed arrangement with CXMT might not be a quick fix. Recent reporting indicated the company has already reached its production capacity for 2026, though it is working to double capacity by 2028. Apple has already tested memory chips from the company across products including iPhones and MacBooks.

While Apple this year has applied steep price increases across all its products (except for iPhones), it is now expected to increase the cost of the current iPhone 17 models perhaps as soon as this week. 

Market reports already warn that Apple will raise prices on its soon-to-debut iPhone 18 Pro and iPhone Ultra devices next month, and we expect availability to be constrained, once again as a result of RAM shortages. Even if Apple gets the go-ahead to work with CXMT to close the gap, the positive impact of that arrangement is unlikely to kick in before next year.

Enjoy the pain

Elsewhere, big memory manufacturers, including SK Hynix, have announced plans to invest in new DRAM manufacturing capacity. But this will not be operational until 2029, at the earliest.

This suggests constrained product availability and higher prices for the coming months — and the only way Apple, or anyone else, will be able to limit the impact of those price increases across the entire electronics industry will be if they can obtain additional stocks of memory from vendors outside the big three. If they cannot, you can kiss the age of abundance goodbye.

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Chinese smartphone makers have been followers in the global market, embracing the concepts and paradigms set in the past 20 years by Apple and Google. But AI may be giving the Chinese an opportunity to break away and set their own path forward. 

Specifically, Chinese companies are integrating AI more fully into smartphones, and also using AI for limited robotics in phones. Here’s what you need to know about these emerging trends. 

China’s ZTE recently showed its Nubia NaviX Ultra. The phone runs ByteDance’s Doubao AI agent, which users can access with voice commands or by pressing a button on the phone. The phone has no home screen and no conventional app store.

Another Chinese company, called StepFun — it was founded in 2023 by Jiang Daxin, a former Microsoft vice president and chief scientist at Microsoft’s Software Technology Center Asia — sells a phone called the StepX Neo. It runs a proprietary operating system called Step AOS based on Android, Linux, and an RTOS containing a built-in AI agent called Step Amoo. The StepX Neo splits phone functions into four primitives (communication, apps, files, system tools) that the agent recombines based on the stated goals of the user. 

Honor, a phone maker spun off from Huawei, has an AI agent the company built with input from Alibaba called the YOYO Intelligent Agent. It ships on Honor’s entire MagicOS 10-eligible lineup.

Note: an American company is enabling this. All three phones use Anthropic’s Model Context Protocol (MCP) to give system-level access to the agents. 

None of these phones will become available in the United States. ZTE is banned from the US by the FCC over national-security concerns, while the StepFun and Honor phones are built for the Chinese market with no US version planned. 

All modern smartphones can run AI. By simply visiting the Apple App Store or the Google Play Store, anyone can download dozens of AI apps, including those offered by the frontier model companies. Or they can use the AI services and tools built in to phones by Apple and Google. 

How agentic AI phones are different

What’s different about the new agentic AI phones in China is that the operating system itself has an agentic AI layer that enables it to function across apps and instead of apps. 

While agentic AI phones represent a minority of the current market, they feel like the future. And that future is consequential. First, it’s a another step toward independence from Android. Google’s services layer is already gone from China. Now the Android app layer is being replaced by vertically integrated agent stacks owned by Chinese super-app companies. 

Despite building agentic features that cross app boundaries to a limited degree, Apple and Google are unlikely to allow third-party agents to replace the app layer of their mobile OSs anytime soon. 

Apple takes 15% to 30% of app revenue. And (according to an estimate introduced during the Epic v. Apple/Google litigation but not confirmed by Google), the Play Store has historically accounted for somewhere between 17% and 26% of Google’s operating income. The entire economic logic of iOS and Android depends on apps. An agentic layer that dissolves those apps into tasks isn’t something either company wants to think about. The Chinese OEMs can blow up the app model because they had no stake in it. 

Meanwhile, the AI trend is suffocating mobile app in-app purchases, which dropped by roughly 40% by early 2026, even as people pay more for those purchases compared to a few years ago (because they’re dominated by subscriptions to AI and vibe-coded apps). In other words, even inside the app stores, there’s a shift from the old app model to AI replacements. 

AI is not only changing the software model, but the hardware model, too. 

Robot phones

Another categorical way China is splitting off from the global smartphone concept is the nascent market of robot phones. A robot phone is one that uses AI to control physical robotic components on an actual phone. 

The leading contender in this field is a device called the Honor Robot Phone, which I wrote  about in March. A leaked unboxing video of the Honor Robot Phone appeared this week on the Chinese social network Weibo.

The robotic element is a gimbal with a 200-megapixel camera on it. One basic use is that the phone can remain stationary while propped up on a table or clamped to a tripod, while the camera tracks a moving subject using AI. Another use is to walk while using it and let the gimbal smooth out the jiggling and movement. Software on the phone also enables automated cinematic special effects. 

But the real leap forward is in “self expression” for the phone. The Honor Robot Phone exhibits subtle Attachment Economy features. It shakes its “head” no and nods yes. And it can do a “backflip” to “cheer you up.” The phone gets a personality. 

Honor plans to launch the phone on Aug. 12 in China. 

So-called “robot phones” are even more rare in China than agentic AI phones. Still, the Honor Robot Phone represents another Chinese departure from the Silicon Valley smartphone hardware model of a static pane of glass. The Honor Robot Phone has a body. It feels like the future, too, as it’s one of the rare products in the emerging Attachment Economy, where humanlike attributes (in this case, gestures and body language) are deployed to make the consumer more “attached” to devices that seem like they have thoughts and feelings. 

The AI future of phones

As the Chinese smartphone market splits off from the American one, it presents an alternative for the world. Because if the agentic AI phones succeed in China, they’ll almost certainly be offered internationally. 

That represents not only hardware sales, but the penetration of Chinese super-apps, Chinese financial services, Chinese AI-based information (and along with it, the Chinese government’s world view, we can expect). 

The only question is: Will the world prefer the Chinese agentic AI approach or the US AI app model? 

Adding to the complexity is the coming wave of AI wearables, most of which will likely be wirelessly “tethered” to smartphones that provide intelligence and connectivity. Soon, we’ll be conversing with our glasses and watches. Our glasses and watches will be “conversing” with our phones. And our phones will be conversing with AI models that represent the values, beliefs and biases of their creators. 

The Chinese agentic AI movement represents a split in how phones work and how the people worldwide interact with information, technology and each other. 

AI disclosures: This article is 100% human-written by the author, Mike Elgan. Some research, ideation, and fact- and grammar-checking was performed using AI tools.

Apple may be moving faster than expected in its modem development work, and Qualcomm’s latest comments suggest that shift is already reshaping the iPhone supply chain. 

Qualcomm overnight said supply constraints are shrinking some of its Apple business faster than anticipated. “It’s availability of supply,” CEO Cristiano Amon told Reuters.

While he wasn’t specific, that likely reflects the broader industry shortage in memory, storage, and everything else and means the company’s share of components used for the next iPhone launch will fall “well below” its anticipated estimates. Amon says this is part of a transition in which future Qualcomm income will be generated by AI datacenter demand.

The company also intends to boost modem prices on Sept. 1 (And remember, the patent licensing agreement between Apple and Qualcomm expires in March 2027.)

Given Apple is selling plenty of smartphones (even as the broader industry shrinks), supply constraints won’t necessarily be because of demand for the devices; this could reflect Apple’s plan to divide the iPhone release schedule across several months, as well as its future modem development efforts. 

Reports for months have indicated Apple plans to introduce new iPhones twice a year, with the Pro range updated each fall and entry-level devices scheduled for spring. It’s a move that’s likely to help build more consistent quarterly earnings by spreading demand across different parts of the year and could reduce short-term demand for components.

Things look a little different this year, of course; the expected introduction of the new iPhone Ultra means Apple will be making three new iPhone models, not the customary four – though there is also speculation the Ultra may not ship in quantity until later on this year. 

How much does Apple need Qualcomm? Not much

There’s also Apple’s own modem development plans to consider. We know Apple’s relationship with Qualcomm isn’t easy. The two firms were engaged in costly litigation before they found a way to bury the hatchet and work together on 5G iPhones while Apple developed its C-series modems.

Those C-series modems are already used in Apple devices. The iPhone 16e, 17e and iPhone Air carry Apple’s C1/C1X modem, with the C2 variant expected in the 18 Pro series this year. 

Apple’s new modem is expected to deliver better battery efficiency, improved cellular network privacy, and AI-supported network efficiency. So, your device should last longer, be less visible to your carrier, and better able to get a connection — even when connectivity is constrained. 

Next year’s 18-series devices will certainly stick with Apple’s modems, meaning Qualcomm’s remaining Apple business should be wrapped up in the release this fall. As Apple’s modem appears in more devices, you’ll probably only see Qualcomm modems used to provide mmWave support, which realistically has very little traction or carrier support outside America.

Waiting to replace mmWave

That view is supported by reports based on information recently stolen from Apple’s India-based iPhone partner, Tata. It claimed Apple will use the C2 in internationally sold iPhones Pro and Max, while keeping to Qualcomm in US devices.

If Apple takes the same approach with next year’s iPhone releases, it would mean only US iPhones — and probably not all of them — have mmWave. As a result, Qualcomm’s modems will only be available in a very small subset of iPhones sold. That would almost certainly account for the modem maker’s reduced Apple optimism. (Apple is also part of the 6G standard development group, which implies it hopes to find some way to replace mmWave.)

It also indicates Apple is less likely to renew its current patent licensing deal, though it could still require some licenses since Qualcomm’s SEPs include some 5G-essential technologies. The other takeaway here: Apple has a high degree of confidence in its forthcoming C2 modem, which makes sense given how well-received its C1 modem has been. 

A clean sweep

One more thought. It is interesting the extent to which Tim Cook’s Apple seems to be finalizing much of its business before the transition to new CEO John Ternus on Sept. 1. (It is also notable that Qualcomm also intends to raise its prices on the same date.)

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Except for the second user/refurbished smartphone markets, AI means the days of cheap phones are over, with huge price pressures putting low-end vendors out of business. 

Omdia data confirms that Apple and Samsung are undisputed kings of the hill, combining for 42% of the market even as smartphone sales overall have seen a 4% average decline. 

The two companies increased market share by 4% (Apple) and 2% (Samsung) compared with 2Q25. Meanwhile, the situation is becoming much worse for smaller vendors as memory prices spiral, leaving their businesses under immense strain. Data from Counterpoint Research tells a similar story, indicating Apple growth against a background of market decline. 

It’s important to put the impact of raised RAM costs into perspective. While Apple and Samsung make products at the kind of scale that enables them to cut better deals, smaller makers don’t have the same advantage, leaving them far more exposed to memory price driven pressures.  

Memory prices are crushing the low end

And they really are exposed; not only are sales declining, but Omdia analyst Runar Bjorhovde notes that vendors at that end of the market are dealing with hugely destructive DRAM price hikes over just the past year — up to four or five times higher in some cases. That degree of increase is the kind of business-focused tsunami that drives people out of the market altogether and certainly leaves companies exposed to M&A activity.

Right now, memory and storage can account for more than 60% of the product cost, Bjorhovde said. And as costs continue to increase, what profitability that does exist in the low-cost, high competition lower end smartphone space is being utterly mauled. Omdia forecasts a 22% decline in the sub-$400 smartphone segment as a result.

“Samsung Electronics and Apple — the two market leaders — made huge market share gains…, whereas most players beyond went through steep volume declines,” Bjorhovde said.

From volume to value

Apple’s decision to expand its addressable market with the iPhone ‘e’ series just adds pressure, while Samsung’s enduring popularity helps make it difficult for smaller vendors to generate profit through market scale. “To adapt, vendors are shifting their strategies from volume to value by reoptimizing portfolios and adjusting retail pricing,” he said. 

“Although memory and storage costs are the biggest challenges for vendors, they are far from the only challenge,” Bjorhovde said. “New semiconductor bottlenecks, such as within foundries, are adding further cost pressures.”

With the cost of manufacturing set to continue to rise, it’s generally accepted that we’ll see the average selling price of smartphones climb in the coming 12 months, with Apple set to lead the market toward higher cost builds with the new Pro and Ultra iPhones this September.

Apple’s decision to hold smartphone prices so far has added another price pressure to low-end vendors; the longer it holds its prices down, the longer and more painful will smaller vendors hang onto their own low-price structure to compete.

Future shock: AI hardware

A further wild card is in Apple’s recent lawsuit against OpenAI, which accuses the ChatGPT maker of “illegal reliance on misappropriated trade secrets” in its hardware plans. OpenAI is thought to be planning an AI-driven iPhone competitor.

We’ve heard speculation about these plans before, of course. But what seems to be emerging in the wake of Apple’s litigation are hints OpenAI intends to introduce its first AI hardware product at some point in 2027.

Assuming that schedule remains on track, OpenAI will likely impose further component pricing pressure across the whole industry. After all, Apple’s customer loyalty leads the industry, and Samsung has built something similar. So, the companies with the most to lose to OpenAI will be the same set of smaller vendors who are already struggling with component price-driven market complexity.

OpenAI products will demand the same memory, similar processors, manufacturing, and other components as other devices, prompting further pricing pressure. That’s likely to put some small vendors out of business entirely, even as standard smartphone prices increase. 

Fragmentation will be next

Those outcomes won’t be universal, as the desire for sovereign data services and growing mistrust of US tech companies suggest OpenAI’s products might see limited adoption in most markets. But they could serve to accelerate divergence in smartphone purchasing patterns worldwide, while adding to market pressure.

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Few things are as delightfully divisive as Android’s dark mode.

Some phones now ship with Android’s darker-style interface activated by default. Most reasonably recent devices offer it as a swift ‘n’ simple toggle. And most people, in my experience, have amusingly strong preferences about which approach they prefer — the standard Android “light” mode, in which screens tend to be bright and with shades of white as a foundation, and the dark mode (a.k.a. “dark theme”), where black and dark gray dominate and everything is much more muted and muddy.

It really is a night and day difference, so to speak — but no matter where you fall on the light vs. dark preference spectrum, it’s well worth your while to noddle over two pertinent points:

1. Android’s dark mode doesn’t have to be an all-or-nothing decision. With the right setup, you can use it as a dynamically activated sometimes switch that enables itself automatically based on different variables and gives you a darker, less glary motif when conditions call for it while leaving you with the lighter, brighter look the rest of the time.
2. Regardless of how often you’re using dark mode, a few easy adjustments will make it meaningfully more complete and effective as an end-to-end interface style for whatever you’re doing on your device.

It occurred to me recently that we’ve gone over several smart Android dark mode enhancements over the past weeks and months — and that, put together into a single power-pack bundle, these small-seeming items can add up to create a pretty dramatic difference in your Android-using experience, whether you’re a full-fledged dark mode convert or a more light-preferring vampire skeptic.

Here, specifically, are five easy ways to make Android’s dark mode meaningfully better for you.

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Android dark mode power-up #1: The app expansion

Up first is a feature that arose as part of our Android 17 discussion and sparked the entire idea for this collection — and that’s the one-tap switch in the latest Android version that forces every app on your phone to follow your dark mode preference, whether the program technically supports such a setting or not.

In Android 17, finding and flipping that switch will make every app turn dark whenever the system-wide dark mode is active. It eliminates the irksome exceptions that’ve traditionally stayed stubbornly light (due to developer laziness) even when your dark theme is on.

If you’ve got Android 17 on your phone already, it couldn’t be much easier to make it happen. Just look in the Display section of your system settings, tap the words “Dark theme,” then change the setting that shows up next from “Standard” to “Expanded.”

No Android 17? No problem: On devices with reasonably recent pre-Android-17 system software, you can actually find a switch buried deep in some developer settings that’ll let you enable the exact same option without any waiting.

Follow these instructions and enjoy your new universally consistent darkened dynamic.

Android dark mode power-up #2: A darkened web

That first trick fixes the issue of certain apps not following your dark mode preference — but what about the web? Most of us spend a fair amount of time in our browsers these days, and most websites won’t follow a dark mode setting and adjust their interfaces accordingly.

They absotively can, though. With the flip of a single switch buried within your browser’s bowels, you can force every website into a darkened motif whenever your system-level dark mode is up and running.

See?

Here’s the secret:

• Open up Chrome on whatever Android device you’re using. (And note that this will also work with any Chromium-based Chrome alternative, like Brave, Edge, or Vivaldi.)
• Type chrome:flags into the address bar.
• Type darken into the search box at the top of the screen that comes up next.
• See the line labeled “Darken websites checkbox in themes setting”? Tap the “Default” box beneath it, and change its setting to “Enabled.”
• Tap the blue “Relaunch” button at the bottom of the screen.

Now, when Chrome comes back a second or so later…

• Tap the three-dot menu icon in its upper-right corner.
• Tap “Settings” in the next menu.
• Scroll down until you see “Appearance.” Tap it, then tap “Theme.”
• Make sure the newly added box for “Apply dark theme to sites, when possible” — which we just magically made appear via our last little modification — is checked and active.

And that’s it: From that moment onward, whenever your Android device is switched into its dark mode, any website you’re viewing within Chrome will automatically follow suit. Nothing more to it, and no further thought or action ever required on your part.

Not bad, eh?!

Android dark mode power-up #3: A dark mode schedule

Even as someone who isn’t into dark mode as a 24/7 sort of thing, I can definitely appreciate the presence of a dimmer, less glary look on my device in certain specific scenarios.

It’s incredibly easy to overlook or forget, but Google’s actually got a way to handle that for you. In fact, it’s been built into Android itself since 2020’s Android 11 release.

Just look in the Display section of your system settings and tap the line for either “Dark theme” or “Dark mode settings.” If you see a toggle alongside that line, make sure you’re tapping the actual words next to it — not the toggle itself.

Then look for the option to create a schedule.

You can create a time-based rule for when your device’s dark mode turns on and back off again, or — more intelligent yet — you can set it to automatically activate at sunset, wherever you are at any given moment, and then turn itself back off and switch you back over to light mode at sunrise.

You can also integrate dark mode into Android’s rarely noticed Bedtime Mode so that the screen getting dimmer is part of your pre-sleep winddown routine, if you really wanna get wild.

Or — ahem…

Android dark mode power-up #4: Contextual dark mode

A dark mode schedule is pretty forkin’ sensible. But the reality is that even with a time-based setup or a sunset-driven activation approach, you’ll still be using your phone in bright rooms with dark mode active and vice-versa.

And if you want Android’s dark theme present only when you’re actually in a dark room — as makes the most sense in my mind — there’s an even more intelligent option.

It comes our way via a handy little free app called Adaptive Theme. That app does one thing and only thing only: It automatically adjusts your device’s dark mode setting based on the actual ambient light around you, using your phone’s sensors rather than an arbitrary time or a not-always-relevant sunset status as a guide. It makes so much sense, you’ll find yourself wondering why your phone didn’t just work that way from the get-go.

The app does unavoidably have a slightly complex one-time setup, which I outline step-by-step here. It’s perfectly safe to do, though, and it shouldn’t take you more than a couple minutes to pull off.

And once you’ve done that, your Android dark mode will just work for you — flipping on when the lighting around you is dim (to your exact specifications) and flipping back off when you’re in brighter surroundings.

Yes, please — and thank you. Last but not least…

Android dark mode power-up #5: The wallpaper wizard

Superficial as it may seem, the one piece of the puzzle we haven’t yet addressed — that isn’t ordinarily affected by Android’s dark mode setting — is your home screen wallpaper.

By default, whatever wallpaper you set at the system level stays the same even as your interface moves between its dark and light states — and when you’re anglin’ for a dimmer, less glary look in dark environments, that can be pretty darn jarring.

An app called, rather aptly, Dark/Light Wallpaper Scheduler is the answer you never knew you needed. It’s pretty self-explanatory — you tell it which wallpaper you want when your phone is in dark mode and light mode, then it automatically switches ’em out for you based on that status — but I wrote about it in detail here, if you’re interested in reading more about how exactly it works and how you can make the most of it.

And with that, my fellow Android-appreciating animal, your dark mode power-pack is complete. Now, would someone please turn off the lights? I don’t know about you, but all this talk of darkness has me hankering for a nap.

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Apple execs are now acknowledging the company is going to need to raises prices to cope with higher component costs, particularly memory. Apple has been battling to avoid doing so, but warned this week that those efforts are “unsustainable.”

The price pressure is being felt across the tech industry. Omdia predicts the average selling price (ASP) of smartphones globally will increase by around 20% this year — partly because AI industry demands have pushed up RAM prices and partly because of rapid cost increases in processor production as a direct consequence of war in the Middle East. This impacts anything that uses memory or processors.

Apple must raise prices, CEO warns

“We’re doing our best to mitigate the huge increases that are being passed to us, and we’ve been trying to shield our customers from the increases, but the situation has become unsustainable,” current Apple CEO Tim Cook told the Wall Street Journal.

OK, so prices are going to go up. But how?

If Apple must raise prices, the way it does so matters. Will it increase prices across the board, or choose a subtle, strategic approach that protects margins while also maintaining rapidly accelerating market share growth?

Until now, Apple has been benefiting from the rising tide in memory prices. While competitors have been steadily increasing prices across the board, Apple introduced its first $599 laptop even as it eats into mid-range smartphone sales. 

To grow, or to grow less?

The PC industry is not growing (outside of Cupertino), and Apple and its investors already know that the inordinately high customer satisfaction ratings its platforms enjoy mean that when people switch to them they tend to stick around. That’s why it matters that Cook highlighted record switchers and first-time platform users during the company’s most recent fiscal call. Apple is growing new customers, people who are likely to sign-up for services, accessories, and future upgrades. Winning the customer is an investment in future performance.

When it comes to increasing prices, we’ve seen some gentle experimentation in the Mac mini line, where the entry-level $599 model was effectively replaced by a more expensive $799 SKU. There have been suggestions Apple could do the same with the $599 MacBook Neo, dumping the entry-level build in favor of the (better) $699 model. I’m not certain that’s the best approach. 

A matter of choice

I’d argue that the $599 price point is psychologically the best bit of marketing Apple has ever done as it draws new users to look at its platforms. I also think substantial numbers of people already shift up to the $699 version, if they can, making that entry-level price an incredibly effective marketing tool with which to woo customers. It looks like that approach is working; the MacBook Neo has led the Amazon Laptop Sales chart ever since it was introduced and is selling in huge quantities globally.

Francisco Jeronimo, IDC vice president for data and analytics, sees this, writing: “It will be interesting to see whether Apple raises prices across its entire portfolio or plays strategically by subsidizing its more affordable products to gain market share and grow its installed base.”

If Apple raises prices at the price sensitive, entry-level end of its market, it runs the risk of slowing its own resurgence. Given that a 10% price hike here is only worth around $60, the revenue generated might not justify blunting Apple’s offer to new users.

Pricing and strategy

But Apple isn’t defined by its entry-level markets. Its biggest earning opportunities continue to be generated by the aspirational middle class, who, while feeling the pinch of declining living standards in many markets, can still handle the price of a top-of-the-range iPhone Pro. A 10% price increase at that end of the market will generate a much more significant chunk of revenue – and since rival vendors are raising their prices at this end of the market, Apple can follow suit while still seeming affordable. It’s an approach that maintains growth while optimizing margins.

Apple generates roughly half its revenue from iPhone sales, with the Pro and Pro Max devices accounting for a significant chunk of that money. Consumers looking to buy one of Apple’s high-end devices are likely to be less price-sensitive than those making purchases at the low- and mid-points of the company’s market range. 

With that in mind, it makes more sense for the company to raise prices at the top, while working to maintain the cost of entry at the lower end. It could, of course, raise prices universally, but doing so makes less sense.

What next?

Whatever strategy Apple adopts, company leadership is clear that component pricing is hitting hard. “We definitely need memory pricing and supply to return to reasonable levels for consumer products. That’s the bottom line,” Cook said.

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Well, hey, how ’bout that? Here we are, on a random quiet-seeming week in June, and a new Android version is officially making its way into the wild and onto our favorite Googley gizmos.

Yes, indeed: Google announced the launch of Android 17 this week, and the rollout is getting underway as we speak. As usual, the software will show up for current, still-supported Pixel devices right away, over the next few to several days. (As for everyone else — well, you know the drill by now, right? It’s up to each individual Android device-maker to process and send out its software updates, and outside of Pixels, that support is exasperatingly unreliable. But odds are, if you aren’t palming a Pixel, you’ll be waiting for a while — maybe even a long while, if you have a phone by a certain manufacturer whose name rhymes with Boatorola.)

As always, some of Android 17’s most important elements are the under-the-hood privacy, security, and performance enhancements that you won’t explicitly see but that will make a critical difference in your device’s ability to operate efficiently and advisably. But this latest Android release also packs an impressive punch of interesting surface-level touches that’ll bring an instant boost to your day-to-day productivity and all-around Android-enjoying experience.

As is often the case, many of the most useful elements are things you might not ever even notice or think to tap into if you don’t know where to look.

Here are the four Android 17 features I’ve found most noteworthy so far and how you can start putting ’em to use this second.

[Psst: Don’t let the learning stop here. Check out my free Pixel Academy e-course to discover all sorts of advanced intelligence lurking within whatever Pixel you’re using!]

Android 17 Pixel feature #1: Bubbles multitasking magic

Our first Android 17 addition on its way to Pixel owners this week is something that’s been in the works for many a moon now — and that’s a handy new multitasking mode known as Bubbles.

Bubbles first came into the Android picture way back in 2019, but at that point, it was limited mostly to messaging and never came close to reaching its full promised potential. At long last, now, Bubbles are back, baby, and becoming everything we’d always wanted them to be.

The simplest way to think about Bubbles is as a way to turn any app you’re using into a floating, collapsible window — so you can pull it up on demand when you want it, then minimize it back down into a small icon (a “bubble” — get it?!) to get it out of your hair but keep it nearby for easy ongoing access.

It’s an interesting way to multitask without having to commit to a full-fledged split-screen setup. It can be quite useful for keeping things like lists, documents, emails, chats, or anything else you’re coming back to regularly at your fingertips — so you can pop into it as needed, without any real effort, but also without having it in your face all the time.

In Android 17, Bubbles is easy to launch with any app in front of you. The only catch is that as of now, at least, it can be triggered only from the standard stock Pixel Launcher — not a custom Android launcher like Smart Launcher or Niagara.

Provided you’re using the standard Android home screen setup, though, all you’ve gotta do is:

• Press and hold any app’s icon on your home screen or in your app drawer.
• In the menu that pops up, tap the option that says “Bubble.”
• Then tap the bubbled app icon to expand or minimize the app, or press and hold it to move it around to any position on your screen or dismiss it.

You can also add additional bubbled apps into that same view via the plus icon next to the first app’s icon when a bubble is open. Pretty nifty, wouldn’t ya say?

Android 17 Pixel feature #2: Smarter location access

Allowing apps access to your location inevitably requires a certain amount of compromise when it comes to the ever-prickly subject of privacy — and it demands a certain level of trust that the apps in question won’t abuse the privilege or use it for reasons beyond their intended purposes.

Android 17 makes it meaningfully easier to accept that bargain and rest easy knowing your info isn’t being misused, thanks to a pair of related new privacy protection measures:

• First, whenever any app is accessing your location, you’ll now see a blue dot appear in the upper-right corner of your screen — and if you swipe down once from the top of your screen to open your notification panel, you can actually tap on the location icon that appears in its place to get detailed info about exactly which app or apps are involved. With another tap from there, you can opt to force-close the app in question, view all of its recent location access attempts, and manage its location access ability, too, in case anything ever seems amiss.

• And second, when an app asks to access your precise location, Android 17 adds in the option to allow such access only temporarily — for that one brief moment and purpose — without giving the app the permanent permission for ongoing use.

Hey, we’ll take it. Just remember to keep tabs on the permissions Google itself is claiming these days, too, as those don’t always come with a prominent pop-up.

Android 17 Pixel feature #3: More dynamic dark mode

Dark mode may be one of the more divisive interface adjustments of our modern mobile moment, but if you’re a fan of the dimmer, less glary view across your Android experience, you’re bound to appreciate the added option Android 17 affords you in that area.

It’s a simple one-tap checkbox that forces apps to adjust and comply with your dark mode preference, when it’s active — even if they don’t natively support such a setting. That means those pesky apps that’d typically maintain the same standard light interface even when you activate dark mode will now turn dark along with the rest of your setup whenever Android’s dark mode is on.

All it takes it quite literally one tap on the freshly added Android 17 option:

• Head into the Display section of your Pixel system settings.
• Tap “Dark theme” — the actual words, not the toggle alongside ’em.
• And change the setting from “Standard” to “Expanded.”

Now, one note: By forcing apps to adapt to dark mode even if they aren’t designed for it, it’s possible some programs may end up lookin’ a little funky. If that ever happens and you aren’t thrilled with an app’s adaptation, go back to that same settings screen we were just starin’ at and tap the gear-shaped icon alongside the “Expanded dark theme” option. That’ll let you create exceptions and select specific apps that don’t get dark mode automatically applied.

But everything else will now be in the dark when you want it — just like your dark, brooding heart desires.

Android 17 Pixel feature #4: A more comfy all-around view

Whether you’re a prince/princess/dutchess/middle-manager of darkness or not, Android 17’s new Comfort View may be just the thing for you.

Comfort View is an off-by-default addition to your Pixel that applies a softer, more pastel-oriented filter to the display with automatic adjustments based on your current viewing environment — in other words, how bright it is around you at any given moment. Ooh, ahh, etc.

To try it out, march your way back into those Display settings, and this time, tap the line labeled “Comfort Filters.” Flip the switch next to “Comfort View,” make sure the “Dynamic” checkbox is active, and see how you feel about your newly optimized screen-color view as you move throughout your day.

If you find the filtering to be too extreme or not enough to make a difference, you can also try disabling the “Dynamic” option there and then manually adjusting the “Intensity” slider to suit your specific peeper preferences. But I suspect if you give it enough time, you’ll find the automatic adjustments to be one of those things that just works for you and makes your device a little easier on the eyes, relative to each and every viewing environment — without being something you actively think about or pay much mind.

That, if you ask me, is the sign of an effective feature. And it’s a welcome addition to Android and the ever-evolving Pixel experience.

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