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Roman Lead Sling Bullets Reveal Two Distinct Routes in the Conquest of the Alps

In the summer of 15 BC, Emperor Augustus’ two stepsons, Tiberius and Drusus, brought the Central Alps and the Swiss Plateau under Roman control. That campaign concluded decades of efforts to link the Gallic provinces with Illyricum and secure the routes between northern Italy and the Danube. However, while the western and eastern routes of […]

Discovery Shows Lead Was Worked in the Iberian Peninsula During the Bronze Age 1,800 Years Before the Phoenicians Arrived

A discovery at the Minferri site, in the town of Juneda in Lleida, has completely upended the established chronology for lead metallurgy in the Iberian Peninsula. The research carried out at this Bronze Age site, whose results have just been published in the scientific journal Antiquity, places the production of lead objects between 1900 and […]

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